CLAS 180 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
Define "myth"
A story; comes from the Greek word mythos (word, speech, tale, or story)
Can be expressed orally, through writing, and/or through art
Define "true myth"
Stories about gods/goddesses and their interactions with humans
Define "sa...
CLAS 180 Exam 1 Questions and
Answers
Define "myth" - answer A story; comes from the Greek word mythos (word, speech,
tale, or story)
Can be expressed orally, through writing, and/or through art
Define "true myth" - answer Stories about gods/goddesses and their interactions with
humans
Define "saga" - answer Myth rooted in history; stories about heroes
Define "classical myth" - answer A story that, through its classical form, has attained
a kind of immortality because its inherent archetypical beauty, profundity, and power
have inspired rewarding renewal and transformation by successive generations
Define "folktale" - answer Adventures, clever strategies used by hero/heroine,
triumph of hero/heroine, fanciful creatures
Meant to be entertaining
Not focused on the gods; may be focused on ordinary people and familiar characters
Define "fairytale" - answer A special kind of folktale
Short, imaginative, traditional tales with a high moral and magical content
Often designed for children and have more magical content
What did Aristotle associate with myth? - answer Used the word myth to mean the
plot of a play; developed association with fiction
Myths have beginning, middle, and end
Characters; recognition & reversal; catharsis
How are myth and religion related? - answer Religious aspects of myth: creation,
relationship with the gods, the afterlife
Myths may be believed as aspect of religion
Greeks & Romans had religious ceremonies connected to myths
, Mircea Eliade believed myth was related to __________ - answer The timelessness
of religion
The spiritual release from historical time
Myths provide spiritual experience and escape from everyday life
According to Mircea Eliade, the human experience is separated into __________ and
__________ space and time - answer "sacred" and "profane"
Myths about origin/creation make it possible to focus on the "sacred"
Define "etiology" - answer Explanation for the origin of a fact or custom
From the Greek word "aitia," or cause
Myths provide explanations for the unexplainable; literal and metaphorical explanations
for the causes of things
What were the Luperci? - answer Priests who preformed a sacrifice in the Lupercal
(cave where she-wolf cared for infants Romulus and Remus) for the Lupercalia,
February 15th Roman holiday
Ran naked and stuck women with leather straps to make them fertile
What is Euhemerism? - answer From Euhemerus, who wanted to explain myths in a
rational way
Claimed that gods were originally ordinary people; they became gods as a reward for
their accomplishments
Zeus was a mortal king, then became king of the gods after deposing his father Cronus
What is antirationalism? - answer Metaphorical interpretation of myths
What did Max Muller believe about myths? - answer Believed that all myths were
allegories for nature (meteorological and cosmological phenomena - weather and
creation; "cosmos" = universe)
Many myths are related to nature, but that cannot apply to all myths
Who were the two major 20th century psychological theorists? - answer Sigmund
Freud & Carl Jung
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