UCI Bio 93 Midterm 2 Exam with complete
solutions 2024/2025
Metabolic pathway - ANSWER-A pathway that a molecule goes through, resulting
in a specific product
Metabolism - ANSWER-The totality of an organism's chemical reactions
Gibbs free energy - ANSWER-Portion of a system that can perform work when
temp and pressure are uniform throughout the system
Negative Delta G - ANSWER-A process that is spontaneous
Spontaneous - ANSWER-Means that a process will occur
Exergonic reaction - ANSWER-The energy is released
Endergonic reaction - ANSWER-The energy is consumed in the reaction
Cell - ANSWER-Must have endergonic and exergonic reactions
ATP Hydrolysis - ANSWER-Exergonic reaction
Mechanical and Transport work - ANSWER-Endergonic reactions
Enzymes - ANSWER-Lower energy barriers to drive chemical reactions
-ase - ANSWER-Usually means an enzyme
, Exergonic energy profile - ANSWER-How an exergonic reaction looks like
Enzymes - ANSWER-Biological catalysts
Mitochondria - ANSWER-Site of cellular respiration in all eukaryotic cells
Reduction - ANSWER-Addition of electrons to a substance
Oxidation - ANSWER-Loss of electrons to a substance
Cellular respiration - ANSWER-Catabolic reactions used to generate ATP
Glycolysis - ANSWER-Breaking down of glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvate
Citric acid cycle - ANSWER-Breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide is completed
Stage 1 of cellular respiration - ANSWER-Glycolysis
Stage 2 of cellular respiration - ANSWER-Pyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle
Stage 3 of cellular respiration - ANSWER-Oxidative phosphorylation
NADH - ANSWER-Transfers electrons from food to electron transport chain
Pyruvate - ANSWER-Converted to Acetyl CoA
Citric acid cycle - ANSWER-Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix
Substrate-level phosphorylation - ANSWER-A substrate gives a phosphate to
ADP, making a product and ATP
Oxidative phosphorylation - ANSWER-Occurs in the inner mitochondrial
membrane
ATP/Glucose - ANSWER-About 30-32
ATP Synthase - ANSWER-Enzyme that makes ATP from ADP and inorganic
phosphates
Chemiosmosis - ANSWER-Energy stored as a hydrogen ion gradient across a
membrane is used to drive cellular work
solutions 2024/2025
Metabolic pathway - ANSWER-A pathway that a molecule goes through, resulting
in a specific product
Metabolism - ANSWER-The totality of an organism's chemical reactions
Gibbs free energy - ANSWER-Portion of a system that can perform work when
temp and pressure are uniform throughout the system
Negative Delta G - ANSWER-A process that is spontaneous
Spontaneous - ANSWER-Means that a process will occur
Exergonic reaction - ANSWER-The energy is released
Endergonic reaction - ANSWER-The energy is consumed in the reaction
Cell - ANSWER-Must have endergonic and exergonic reactions
ATP Hydrolysis - ANSWER-Exergonic reaction
Mechanical and Transport work - ANSWER-Endergonic reactions
Enzymes - ANSWER-Lower energy barriers to drive chemical reactions
-ase - ANSWER-Usually means an enzyme
, Exergonic energy profile - ANSWER-How an exergonic reaction looks like
Enzymes - ANSWER-Biological catalysts
Mitochondria - ANSWER-Site of cellular respiration in all eukaryotic cells
Reduction - ANSWER-Addition of electrons to a substance
Oxidation - ANSWER-Loss of electrons to a substance
Cellular respiration - ANSWER-Catabolic reactions used to generate ATP
Glycolysis - ANSWER-Breaking down of glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvate
Citric acid cycle - ANSWER-Breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide is completed
Stage 1 of cellular respiration - ANSWER-Glycolysis
Stage 2 of cellular respiration - ANSWER-Pyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle
Stage 3 of cellular respiration - ANSWER-Oxidative phosphorylation
NADH - ANSWER-Transfers electrons from food to electron transport chain
Pyruvate - ANSWER-Converted to Acetyl CoA
Citric acid cycle - ANSWER-Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix
Substrate-level phosphorylation - ANSWER-A substrate gives a phosphate to
ADP, making a product and ATP
Oxidative phosphorylation - ANSWER-Occurs in the inner mitochondrial
membrane
ATP/Glucose - ANSWER-About 30-32
ATP Synthase - ANSWER-Enzyme that makes ATP from ADP and inorganic
phosphates
Chemiosmosis - ANSWER-Energy stored as a hydrogen ion gradient across a
membrane is used to drive cellular work
