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Physical Anthropology Exam 3 questions well answered to pass
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Physical Anthropology Exam 3 questions well answered to pass
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Physical Anthropology Exam 3CHAPTER 8 - correct answer ✔✔TERMS & CONCEPTS
What are fossils? - correct answer ✔✔Remains of living organism turn into rock (e.g., bones & teeth)
What do fossils tell us about the past? - correct answer ✔✔By studying fossils, scientist can understand
the biological evolution of surviving & extinct lineages. Information gathered reveals geologic time and
environmental settings, and past diets - key to understanding how species evolve.
What methods do anthropologist & other scientist use to study fossils? - correct answer ✔✔*Relative &
absolute dating is determined through various methods. *Radioactive decay is one of best methods for
determining absolute dating
*Past climates, habitats & diets are reconstructed through 2 stable isotopes of oxygen & carbon.
How do paleontologists recreate climate histories? - correct answer ✔✔
How do paleontologist recreate diets of fossilized organisms? - correct answer ✔✔
Phylogeny - correct answer ✔✔The evolutionary relationship of a group of organsim
Paleontology - correct answer ✔✔Study of fossils
Taphonomy - correct answer ✔✔The study of the deposition of plant or animal remains & the
environmental conditions affecting their preservation
continental drift - correct answer ✔✔Movements of the continents that began to drift apart in the Late
Triassic (245-208 mya)
Plate tectonics - correct answer ✔✔Various structures on Earth's surface, such as the continental plates
, Limits of fossils - correct answer ✔✔Key stages of the past are missing due to (1) paleontologist have not
discovered all the fossil-bearing rocks in the world (2) not all fossils are preserve like others have (3)
many geologic sequences containing fossils aren't complete
What are the limits of dating methods? - correct answer ✔✔Some methods provide either absolute or
relative dating. Depending on type of fossil (being organic or non-organic) some methods are best,
others aren't. Further, some can date fossils from a few hundreds to 60kya (e.g., Carbon 14) while others
can date from 100kya to many mya.
C4 vs. C3 plants - correct answer ✔✔C3 plants take carbon thru C3 photosynthesis, changes to carbon
dioxide (w/4 carbon atoms), & are from temperate regions ( e.g., wheat, sugar, peas, etc).
C4 plants go thru same process having 4 carbon atoms & not 3. tend to be from warmer regions (include
corn, sugarcane, prickly pear, etc)
Relative dating techniques - correct answer ✔✔Includes: Law of Superposition, Stratigraphic Correlation,
Biostratigraphic, Chemical, and cultural dating.
Absolute & (numerical) dating techniques - correct answer ✔✔Includes: Dendrochronology,
Radiocarbon, Radiopotassium, Amino Acid, Fission Track, Paleomagnetic, Electron Spin Resonance, and
Thermoluminescence dating
Steno's law of superposition - correct answer ✔✔principle that the lower the stratum or layer, the older
its age; the oldest layers are at the bottom, & youngest at top.
Stratigraphic correlation - correct answer ✔✔Process of matching up strata from several sites through
the analysis of chemical, physical, and other properties.
Willard Libby - correct answer ✔✔Won noble prize for discovering radiocarbon dating; thus, allowing
scientist to determine numerical age of past live forms.
Radiocarbon dating - correct answer ✔✔Method in which the ratio of c14 to c12 is measured for dating
material younger than 50,000 yrs.
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