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Entrance Exam Semmelweis Exam Questions and Answers
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Entrance Exam Semmelweis Exam Questions and Answers
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Entrance Exam Semmelweis ExamQuestions and Answers
Electron configuration for cations - Correct Answers -Subtract 1 from exponent of
highest n-value orbital (ex. remove from 4s before 3d)
Ag+ = [Kr]5s^1 4d^9
Electron configuration for anions - Correct Answers -Add 1 to closest orbital
Cl- = [Ne]3s^2 3p^6
Atomic orbitals - Correct Answers -s, p, d, f
Primary vs secondary structures of proteins - Correct Answers -Primary - AA chain
(linked by peptide bonds)
Secondary - stabilized by non-covalent bonds (alpha helices & beta sheets)
Most bonds in organic compounds are - Correct Answers -covalent
Properties of water - Correct Answers -1. polar
2. capable of adhesion and cohesion
3. high heat capacity (so it's hard to raise its temp)
4. great solvent
5. high heat of vaporization (allows humans to cool off via sweat)
6. water is less dense as a solid than a liquid
Intermolecular forces of water - Correct Answers -hydrogen bonding
Solution components - Correct Answers -1. solvent (product being dissolved)
2. solute (medium for dissolving solvent)
Molarity - Correct Answers -the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
Solubility rules - Correct Answers -SOLUBLE
1. alkali metals (group 1) & NH4+ cations
,2. NO3- or CH3COO- anions
3. Cl, Br, I (except when bonded to Ag+, Pb2+ or Hg2+)
4. sulfate ions (except when with Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Pb2+)
INSOLUBLE
1. Metal oxides (except CaO, SrO, BaO)
2. Hydroxides (except when with Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+)
3. Carbonates, phosphates, sulfides, and sulfites (unless bound to alkali metal or NH4+)
Solubility product - Correct Answers -Ksp = [A]^a[B]^b
**only products because we don't include solids in the equilibrium expression
for NaCl
- Ksp = x^2
for PbCl2
- Ksp = 4x^3
for Cr(OH)3
- Ksp = 27x^4
Large Ksp means - Correct Answers -strong electrolyte (more soluble)
Strong acids - Correct Answers -So I brought no clean clothes
1. H2SO4
2. HI
3. HBr
4. HNO3
5. HCl
6. HClO4
7. HClO3
Strong bases - Correct Answers -1. NaOH
2. LiOH
3. KOH
4. CsOH
5. RbOH
6. Ba(OH)2
7. Ca(OH)2
8. Sr(OH)2
Bases can certainly look pleasing (K), really something strong (Na)
, Le Chatlier's principle: pressure - Correct Answers -pressure applied (or volume
reduced) --> equilibrium proceeds in direction with fewer moles
pressure removed (or volume increased) --> equilibrium proceeds in direction with more
moles
Le Chatlier's principle: temperature - Correct Answers -increasing temperature
- toward products (if endothermic)
- toward reactants (if exothermic)
decreasing temperature
- toward products (if exothermic)
- toward reactants (if endothermic)
Le Chatlier's principle: concentration - Correct Answers -increase concentration of
reactants
- reaction shifts toward products
decrease concentration of reactants
- reaction shifts toward reactants
**the goal is to restore equilibrium
pH definition - Correct Answers -pH = -log([H+])
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation - Correct Answers -pH = pKa + log [Conj. Base]/[Acid]
**used to estimate pH of solution in buffer region (in which species and its conjugate are
in approximately equal quantities)
Redox reactions - Correct Answers -reduction - gain of electrons
oxidation - loss of electrons
Oxidizing vs reducing agents - Correct Answers -oxidizing agents cause oxidation (they
are reduced)
reducing agents cause reduction (they are oxidized)
Voltaic cell - Correct Answers -AKA galvanic cell
Spontaneous, supply energy
- reaction with higher E is reduced (cathode)
- ex. Zn and Cu connected by salt bridge
Electrons flow from anode --> cathode
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