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NDT LEC (PRELIMS) EXAM STUDY SET
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NDT LEC (PRELIMS) EXAM STUDY SET
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NDT LEC (PRELIMS) EXAM STUDY SETNutrition
A science that deals with the study of
foods, nutrients and other substances
therein, their action, interactions and
balance about health and
disease
Nutrition
Of the processes by which an organism ingests, digest, absorbs,
transports, utilizes and excretes waste materials
Foods
Any substance organic or inorganic when ingested or eaten
Supplying heat and energy
Building and repairing tissues
Regulating bodily processes
Food nourishes the body by:
GO
Supplying heat and energy
GROW
Building and repairing tissues
GLOW
Regulating bodily processes
Cereals
Grains
Rootcrops
Examples of Go Foods
Milk (animal and plant based)
Meats
Fish
Shellfish
Crabs and Lobsters
Shrimps
Poultry
Examples of Grow Foods
,Fruits and Vegetables
Non-alcoholic and Alcoholic beverages
Examples of Glow Foods
Functional foods
Foods that may provide health benefits beyond their nutrient
contributions
Whole Foods
Fortified foods
Modified foods
Foods that are energy-dense
Foods that are nutrient-dense
Functional Foods includes:
Whole foods
not processed
Fortified foods
addition of nutrients
Modified foods
genetically modified; tweaking ingredients
Foods that are energy-dense
a measure of the energy provides relative to the amount of foods
Foods that are nutrient-dense
A measure of nutrients is provided relative to the amount of food.
4kcal
1 gram of carbohydrates is equal to?
4 kcal
1 gram of protein is equal to?
9 kcal
1 gram fats is equal to?
Foods that are nutrient-dense
A measure of nutrients is provided relative to the amount of food.
Empty of Junk Foods
Contain less or no energy and nutrient content, more on added sugar,
trans-fats, more in sodium, monosodium glutamate and preservatives.
Nutrients
Intangible property of nutrition
Chemical component of foods needed by the body
,○ Provide energy
○ Build and repair tissues
○ Regulate life processes
3 Functions of Nutrients
According to functions
According to chemical nature
According to concentration
According to essentiality
Nutrient Classifications
Energy-giving Nutrients
Body Building Nutrients
Body Regulating Nutrients
According to functions
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Energy-dense nutrients
Water
Minerals
Vitamins
Non-caloric nutrients are:
Water 2⁄3 of body weight
Proteins 1⁄5 of 20% of body weight
Body Building Nutrients
Body Regulating Nutrients
Include 6 groups of nutrients. They maintain homeostasis of body fluid
and expedite metabolic process
Organic
Inorganic
According to Chemical Nature
Organic
carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and vitamins (with carbon)
Inorganic
minerals and water (without carbon)
Macronutrients
Micronutrients
According to Concentration
Macronutrients
, Carbohydrates. Proteins, and Fats (measured in grams)
Micronutrients
vitamins and minerals (measured in milligrams)
Physiologically essential
Dietary essential
According to Essentiality
Physiologically essential
dispensable nutrients (the body cannot make)
Dietary essential
indispensable nutrients (the body can make)
Wellness
Maximum well-being, the top range of health state; the goal of the
person strives toward realizing his or her full potential physically,
mentally, emotionally, spiritually, and socially
Malnutrition
Condition of the body resulting from lack of one or more essential
nutrients or it may be due to an excessive nutrient supply to the point of
creating toxic or harmful effects
Undernutrition
Overnutrition
Specific deficiency
Imbalance
Forms of Malnutrition
Acute
Chronic
Types of Malnutrition
Undernutrition
What form of malnutrition is when there is insufficient intake of energy
and nutrients?
Overnutrition
What form of malnutrition is when there is excessive intake of nutrients?
Acute
What type of malnutrition is when there is inadequate energy or protein
intake?
Chronic
What type of malnutrition is when a person does not eat anymore?
Nutritional Status or Nurture
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