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Relias Assessments Assistance Material RN Pharmacology Questions and Correct Answers | Latest Update

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Antacids ~:- Antacids are used to chemically react with and neutralize the acid in the stomach. They can provide rapid relief from increased acid levels. They are known to cause GI alterations such as diarrhea or constipation and can alter the absorption of many drugs. Antacids: Generic an...

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  • September 25, 2024
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Relias Assessments Assistance
Material RN Pharmacology
Questions and Correct Answers |
Latest Update
Antacids


✓ ~:- Antacids are used to chemically react with and neutralize the acid

in the stomach. They can provide rapid relief from increased acid

levels. They are known to cause GI alterations such as diarrhea or

constipation and can alter the absorption of many drugs.




Antacids: Generic and Brand Names


✓ ~:- Here is a list of the most commonly encountered antacids and their

brand names.

ClassificationGeneric nameBrand nameAntacidsaluminum

saltsAlternaGELcalcium saltsOystercal, TumsmagaldrateLosopan,

Riopanmagnesium saltsMilk of Magnesia, otherssodium bicarbonateBell-ans




What are antacids?




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✓ ~:- Antacids are a group of inorganic chemicals that neutralize

stomach acid.

Antacids are available OTC, and many patients use them to self-treat a

variety of GI symptoms.

The choice of an antacid depends on adverse effects and absorption

factors.




Antacids Therapeutic actions


✓ ~:- The desired actions of antacids include the following:

Neutralize stomach acid by direct chemical reaction.

Symptomatic relief of an upset stomach associated with hyperacidity, as well

as the hyperacidity associated with peptic ulcer, gastritis, peptic esophagitis,

gastric hyperacidity, and hiatal hernia.




Antacids Contraindications and Cautions


✓ ~:- The following are contraindications and cautions when using

antacids:

Allergy. The antacids are contraindicated in the presence of any known

allergy to antacid products or any component of the drug to prevent

hypersensitivity reactions.

Co-morbidities. Caution should be used in the following instances: any

condition that can be exacerbated by electrolyte or acid-based imbalance


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to prevent exacerbations and serious adverse effects; any electrolyte

imbalance , which could be exacerbated by the electrolyte-changing

effects of these drugs; GI obstruction which could cause systemic absorption

of the drugs and increase adverse effects; renal dysfunction, which could

lead to electrolyte disturbance if any absorbed antacid is neutralized

properly.

Pregnancy and lactation. Antacids are contraindicated for pregnant and

lactating women because of the potential for adverse effects on the fetus or

neonate.




Histamine-2 (H2) receptor antagonists


✓ ~:- Histamine-2 (H2) receptor antagonists block the release of acid in

response to gastrin or parasympathetic release.




Histamine-2 Antagonist: Generic and Brand Names


✓ ~:- Here is a table of the most commonly used H2 antagonists.

ClassificationGeneric nameBrand nameHistamine-2

antagonistscimetidineTagametranitidineZantacfamotidinePepcidnizatidineAx

id




H2 blockers Therapeutic actions




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