Summary
samenvatting culturele antropologie
- Course
- Institution
volledige smv culturele antropologie adhv les notities en pwp incl. prenten /schemas vanuit de les
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
tinekedewitte
Content preview
SAMENVATTING CULTURELE ANTROPOLOGIEDEEL 1
Aanpassing: “mens als dier”
= actormaterialisme
DEEL 2
Creativiteit: “mens als programma”
= structuuridealisme
DEEL 3
Leefwereld: “mens als subject”
= actoridealisme
DEEL 4
Machtsstructuur: “mens als groepslid”
= structuurmaterialisme
Naam in pwp moet je kennen , andere in cursus niet
Examenstof: de colleges (nota’s en ppt). Handboek = verplicht als achtergrond. Voor elke les een hoofdstuk.
Examenvorm: schriftelijk -> MC met inzichtsvragen + open vraag
Werkstuk:
- 20% van eindcijfer, je moet niet slagen voor het werkstuk om te kunnen slagen voor het vak
- Enkel te maken tijdens werkcollege van 27 maart, van 9u tot 11u30 in dit auditorium
- Voorbereiding: les over Clifford Geertz (deel 3.1) + artikel ‘Deep Play’ lezen
- Breng schrijfgerief (pen, potlood, gom en scherper) mee. Je laptop, handboek of geprinte slides heb je
niet nodig en breng je dus niet mee.
1
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
Deel 1 ............................................................................................................................................................. 1
Deel 2 ............................................................................................................................................................. 1
Deel 3 ............................................................................................................................................................. 1
Deel 4 ............................................................................................................................................................. 1
INLEIDING (LES 1) ............................................................................................................... 7
Toepassingen van culturele antropologie ................................................................................... 7
Wat is antropologie? Waarom cultuur? ...................................................................................... 9
Onderzoeksdomeinen in de culturele antropologie ...................................................................................... 9
wat is antropologie? ...................................................................................................................................... 9
Bestaansreden voor antropologie? ............................................................................................................. 10
Waarom ‘culturele’ antropologie?............................................................................................................... 10
‘Een cultuur’ is het cultureel systeem van een samenleving ....................................................................... 11
Dimensies van antropologie ......................................................................................................11
Antropologische benaderingen van cultuur (4) ..........................................................................13
Etc… (niet een perspectief wit) .................................................................................................................... 14
Vergelijk met universele types van verhalen / types van justitie ............................................................... 14
Definitie van cultuur ..................................................................................................................15
Derde dimensie van antropologie?.............................................................................................................. 18
Velden van antropologie ...........................................................................................................18
Hoofdstuk 1: cultuurmaterialisme en geschiedenis (les 2) ................................................ 21
1; Materiële verklaring van culturele verschillen .......................................................................21
Cultuur materialisme: case 1: ...................................................................................................................... 21
Cultuurmaterialisme: Case 2 ........................................................................................................................ 22
Cultuurmaterialisme: Case 3 ........................................................................................................................ 23
Cultuurmaterialisme: Jared Diamond .......................................................................................................... 23
2; Actor-materialisme (Barth) ....................................................................................................24
Speltheorie en agency ................................................................................................................................. 24
3; Marvin Harris en drie causale structuren ...............................................................................27
- Evolutie van 5 eco-politieke systemen .....................................................................................27
- De neolithicum kwestie ...........................................................................................................27
Toepassing: evolutie van eco-politieke systemen ....................................................................................... 27
4; Materiële of cognitieve verklaring? Case: voedseltaboe’s ......................................................32
Verbod op varkensvlees (Koran en boek Leviticus bij Hebreeërs) ............................................................... 32
Voedseltaboe op rundvlees in hindoeïsme: ................................................................................................ 33
5; Kritiek op cultuurmaterialisme: ‘De voorspoedige horde’ en leefwereld ...............................34
Algemene kritiek op cultuurmaterialisme (Deel 1) ...................................................................................... 34
6; tgn CE: Cultuurmaterialisme is tegengif voor cultuuressentialisme ........................................39
CM behoedt voor cultuuressentialisme....................................................................................................... 39
1; Nature & nurture (Aangeboren v aangeleerde) ............................................................ 42
2
,II. Evolutie van cultuur: materialisme vs idealisme ........................................................... 45
Cultuur volgens structuralisme (geel) ........................................................................................45
Evolutie van cultuur: materialisme vs idealisme ........................................................................45
Structuralisme: “mens als programma” .....................................................................................45
3; Voorlopers van het structuralisme................................................................................ 46
IIIA. Lévy-Bruhl 1920: ‘prelogisch’ abstract (bv Kiwai, Melanesië) ..............................................46
IIIb. Sapir-Whorf these: andere taal => ander denken ................................................................47
Kritiek op Sapir-Whorf these ....................................................................................................................... 48
IIIc. Van Ferdinand de Saussure (taal) naar Lévi-Strauss (cultuur) ..............................................48
IIId. Betekenis van Ba-ila nederzetting .......................................................................................49
IV. Structuralisme van Lévi-Strauss .................................................................................. 50
Waarom verwantschapssystemen universeel? ..........................................................................50
Kariera: 4 verwantschapstermen voor twee moieties ................................................................................. 50
Cultuur = structuur aanbrengen, opposities maken en oplossen ................................................53
Canonieke relatie (1955-85).......................................................................................................53
Voorbeeld: transformatie van ritueel .......................................................................................................... 54
V. Kritiek op Lévi-Strauss .................................................................................................. 56
VI. Actualiteit van structuralisme ..................................................................................... 58
I. Cultuur en persoonlijkheid school .............................................................................. 60
Margaret Mead .........................................................................................................................60
PNG Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies, 1933: cultuurverschillen.................................... 60
Samoa vrouwelijkheid: malu ....................................................................................................................... 60
Coming of age in Samoa (1928): nieuwe editie na WOII, met politieke feministische boodschap ............. 61
Benedict ....................................................................................................................................63
The chrysanthemum and the sword (1946)................................................................................................. 63
2. Interpretatieve antropologie ........................................................................................ 66
Clifford Geertz ...........................................................................................................................66
Deep play (1973): Notes on the Balinese cockfight ..................................................................................... 66
3: postkoloniale studies ................................................................................................... 68
Agency en structuur ..................................................................................................................69
Subaltern studies.......................................................................................................................70
4. Culturen en emoties ..................................................................................................... 70
Psychologische/ medische antro, Transculturele psychiatrie .....................................................70
Vertaling en classificatie van emoties ........................................................................................70
5. Ervaringskaders ........................................................................................................... 73
3
, Ultieme probleemstelling: het cultureel verschil........................................................................73
Antwoord: Bateson cybernetica ................................................................................................74
Voorbeeld: treincoupé...............................................................................................................75
Toepassing op migratie: een interculturele relatie .....................................................................75
Toepassing op ontwikkelingssamenwerking ..............................................................................76
6. Cultuurdebat (de moord op Cook) ................................................................................ 77
Cultuurrelativisme .....................................................................................................................77
Het debat: ‘andere’ cultuur? ......................................................................................................77
Capt Cook volgens Sahlins ........................................................................................................................... 78
Cook volgens Obeyesekere .......................................................................................................................... 79
Sahlins’ repliek ............................................................................................................................................. 80
Spanningsvelden .......................................................................................................................................... 81
Reflexief vs. etnocentrisch ........................................................................................................................... 81
I. Identiteit en conflict ...................................................................................................... 82
I. Identiteit ................................................................................................................................82
4 visies op nationale/ etnische identiteit (Th Eriksen) ................................................................................. 83
Visies op identiteit = welke cultuurbenaderingen? ..................................................................................... 84
II. Imagined communities (Benedict Anderson, 1983) ..........................................................84
Identiteit en etnisch conflict: 3 gevalsstudies (Eriksen 2010) ......................................................84
II: Macht, globalisering en de gift..................................................................................... 86
1. De gift en universaliteit: de Kula ............................................................................................86
a) Kula circuit ............................................................................................................................................... 87
b) Relatiewaarde (offer) in gift .................................................................................................................... 88
De logica (a+b) van de gift ........................................................................................................................... 89
Kula: recente ontwikkelingen ...................................................................................................................... 89
2. Tiv uitwisselingssferen ...........................................................................................................90
Tiv uitwisselingssferen (Centraal Nigeria en N-Ghana)................................................................................ 90
Historische rol van kolonisator als cultural engineer ................................................................................... 91
3. Productiewijzen: mondiaal kapitalisme .................................................................................92
Na dekolonisatie: globalisering .................................................................................................................... 92
Antwoord van neo-marxisme* .................................................................................................................... 93
Illusie van intrinsieke uitwisselingswaarde .................................................................................................. 94
4. Status, identiteit, uitsluiting ..................................................................................................94
Uitsluiting door sturing lidmaatschap van giftsysteem ............................................................................... 94
Uitsluiting en sociale status ......................................................................................................................... 95
5. Het Westers giftsysteem ........................................................................................................96
Gregory: gift & commodity .......................................................................................................................... 97
6. Macht, structuur en conflict ................................................................................................. 100
Structureel-functionalisme (deel 4 maar ook deel 2) ................................................................................ 100
4
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller tinekedewitte. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.79. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67474 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now