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Urbanism and Planning mid-term summary
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Urbanism and Planning mid-term summary, with everything said in the lectures + additional information needed for the mid-term exam.
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Urbanism and Planning Mid-TermRUG
Urbanism and Planning Mid-Term 1
Urbanism and planning 1: The urban revolution 1
Vere Gordon Childe 2
Urbanism and planning 2: Ancient cities 3
Kingsley Davis 3
Ancient cities (physical features) 6
Ancient cities (Societal features) 6
Urbanism and planning 3: Classical Cities 6
Plato/Socrates about the polis 7
Kitto about the polis (1897-1982) 7
Aristotle 8
Alexander the Great 8
Classical Cities: 9
Urbanism and planning 4: Medieval cities 9
Medieval Cities: 12
Urbanism and planning 5: Renaissance and colonial cities 12
Henri Pirenne 12
Christopher Columbus 13
Colonizing cities 14
Colonized cities 14
The rise of cities 6: The Industrial Revolution 15
Frederich Engels/Frederick Engels (1820-1895) 15
The Industrial Revolution 16
The rise of cities 7: Industrial cities 17
Ferdinand Julius Tönnies 18
Louis Wirth 18
Ebenezer Howard (illustrations and infographics) 19
Frederick Law Olmsted 21
Reflection 22
, Urbanism and planning 1: The urban revolution
The ‘reading’ and ‘writing’ of Cities
- Reading a city means that we can decipher knowledge from what we observe in the city
- Shifts in priorities in cities
- What we build now will say as much about our contemporary society
- Writing a city hints at possibilities to shape and transform urban spaces through
deliberate action
- The organization and regulation of present and future urban spaces
- Involving multiple scales and dimensions
The ‘language’ of cities
- Architectural styles
- Layout and design of the buildings/cities
- Large-scale interventions in the urban fabric
- Shifts in use of land and buildings
- The power wielded over the city
Movement in paris zinc roofs (emotional)
The Urban Revolution (food is most important)
- Surpluses give opportunities for cities, more children etc.
Cognitive revolution
Urban revolution
Industrial revolution
Prehistory
- Paleolithic
- Neolithic
History
- Ancient age
- Medieval age
- Modern age
- Contemporary age
Vere Gordon Childe
- Australian archeologist and philologist (1892-1957)
- Spend most of his life and career in the united kingdom
- Most known for proposing to view human history in terms of revolutions (so agricultural -
urban - industrial)
, - He ditched the “Three age system” (stone age, bronze age, iron age) and replaced it
with the four stages (Paleolithic, Neolithic, Urban, Industrial)
The agricultural revolution
- 12000 years ago, tribes of hunter- gatherers gradually started to settle permanently on
fertile soil
- Communities could grow to become societies due to food surplus and food security
- You have to plan everything what is happening within the community
- Population growth and animal husbandry (food and physical power)
- Large changes in livelihoods meant large changes in organization of society, economy,
tradition and belief systems.
The first urban settlements (Gobekli Tepe) - climate was different
- Evidence of planning and organization
- Enter true the roof
What defines an urban environment?
What defines an urban economy?
- Some professions are rewarded more, for example a pottery maker is more important
than a bread baker. Specializing in 1 thing only.
What defines an urban civilisation?
- dominance, trade
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