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Straighterline Philosophy Final Exam Questions and Answers 2024/2025( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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Straighterline Philosophy Final Exam Questions and Answers 2024/2025( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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Straighterline Philosophy Final Examphilosophy - ANS love of wisdom or knowledge; encompasses all other disciplines
epistemology - ANS the theory or study of knowledge. It asks: How do we know what we know,
and can we know anything at all?
metaphysics - ANS the branch of philosophy most interested in the question of reality and
existence
axiology - ANS study of value; deals with artistic value or the value of self-expression
ethics - ANS looks at what is right and wrong, moral character, and virtue
logic - ANS a device used in philosophy that refers to both an area of philosophical inquiry and
a tool to pursue knowledge
Socratic Method - ANS a philosophical method where questions and answers lead to wisdom
circular reasoning - ANS finds a conclusion based upon an assumption that is basically the
same thing as the conclusion
black or white fallacy - ANS assumes that answers to questions must be once conclusion or its
total opposite
red herring fallacy - ANS an attempt to discredit another philosophical proposition by invoking
another unrelated point
straw man fallacy - ANS when philosophers misrepresent the view of another philosopher to
repudiate their conclusions
Heraclitus - ANS "You cannot step in the same river twice"; believed the world was essentially
made up of fire and that the world is ever changing, dynamic, and constantly on the move
Parmenides - ANS believed that all being and all reality is one, unified, and unchanging;
knowledge comes from oneself and not the senses
Atomism - ANS the philosophical position that all things consist of minute, imperceptible, and
indivisible particles; led by Leucippus and Democritus
, arche - ANS a substance that causes and constitutes all things in the world
Pythagoras - ANS believed that all matter in the world was made up of numbers (hence his
famous theorem)
Sophists - ANS Greek philosophers well-known for their oratorical skill, as they taught students
how to argue and persuade an audience
Theory of Forms - ANS Plato's assertion that our world of perception is only an illusion and that
there are Forms, or higher ideals, that exist beyond sensory experience
Allegory of the Cave - ANS Plato's lesson, involving shadow puppets, a cave wall, and ignorant
cave dwellers, to demonstrate that perception is not reality
Neoplatonism - ANS a resurgence of Platonic thinking (especially dualism) led by thinkers like
Plotinus
Stoics - ANS emphasized man's control over his own passions
Epicureans - ANS sought to create psychological happiness by avoiding pain and engaging in
pleasurable mental activities
Skeptics - ANS contended that any knowledge was utterly unattainable
St. Augustine - ANS employed a Platonic philosophy of the Forms to prove the existence of a
Christian God
Hypatia - ANS tested and furthered the work of Ptolemy
Boethius - ANS translated many Greek works and served as a bridge between ancient Greece
and Christian Scholasticism
St. Thomas Aquinas - ANS provided a new philosophical and theological system based upon
Aristotelian principles and the assertion that philosophy and revealed religion can work together
to attain truth
Propositional knowledge - ANS type of knowledge that concerns itself with knowing "facts"
Rationalists - ANS believe in the power of reason and the intellect to attain knowledge
A priori - ANS type of knowledge that exists before human experience
Skepticism - ANS the position that it is impossible for humans to know many things (and in
some extreme cases, all things)
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