Exam (elaborations)
CDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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CDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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Name: Score:79 Multiple choice questions
Term 1 of 79
Possible side effects of Ginseng
lowers warfarin effectiveness
May cause edema, increase blood pressure and anxiety
May slow carb absorption from it's fiber content;
can decrease FBS, TG's, LDL and A1C
Accelerates defecation (cathartic)
Increased. This is what Metformin helps with... to help decrease this overproduction
Lantus onset 2-4 hours; no peak action
Term 2 of 79
Which drug class is involved in the up-regulation of genes that transcribe GLUT-4 transporters-
-take 8-12 weeks to reach full efficacy, and increases insulin sensitivity?
Amylin mimetics (symlin), incretin mimetics (glp-1); dpp-4
Fibrates (fenofibrate--tricor, antara and gemfibrozil-- lopid)
Lispro (humalog)
aspart (novolog)
glulisine (apidra)
regular
Thiazolinediones (TZD)
Term 3 of 79
Microalbuminuria is a clinical indicator of what?
continuous quality improvement
nephropathy
glucotrol
nephroptosis
,Term 4 of 79
In type 2 diabetes is alpha cell secretion of glucagon is... Why?
Increased. Bc of the loss of amylin secretion (which blocks glucagon secretion) most
people with diabetes produce extra glucagon when they eat
Fluctuating. glucagon levels vary widely in type 2 diabetes due to irregular amylin
secretion
Unchanged. the presence of amylin has no impact on glucagon secretion in type 2
diabetes
Decreased. due to the increase in amylin secretion, glucagon production is reduced in
individuals with type 2 diabetes
Term 5 of 79
Medication recommended for normal weight individuals with type 2 diabetes whose post
prandial glucose is elevated.
Behavioral Objective or Goal
Basal Insulin or Intermediate-acting Insulin
Sulfonylureas or Meglitinides
Glp-1s or Sglt-2s
Term 6 of 79
MOA of Alpha Lipoic Acid
Decreased: muscle glucose uptake is impaired in people with type 2 diabetes
increases insulin sensitivity
may help minimize sx of neuropathy
no serious side effects
Diarrhea and abdominal discomfort.
Lactic acidosis if poor kidney function or heavy ETOH use
Increased. This is what Metformin helps with... to help decrease this overproduction
,Term 7 of 79
What herbal supplements are related to lower blood glucose levels?
turmeric, lavender, peppermint, ginger, chamomile, valerian, echinacea, ashwagandha,
hibiscus, spirulina, dandelion.
vitamin c, vitamin d, vitamin e, vitamin k, vitamin b12, vitamin a, vitamin b6, vitamin b1,
vitamin b2, vitamin b3, vitamin b5.
garlic, oregano, thyme, basil, parsley, sage, rosemary, cilantro, mint, chives, tarragon.
cinnamon, gymnema, fenugreek, bitter melon, ginseng, nopal, aloe, berberine, bitter
melon, chromium, milk thistle.
Term 8 of 79
Which complication of DM has the highest rate of death in TYPE 1 and 2 DM
CAD
CHF
CVD
NTR
Term 9 of 79
Which cholesterol Rx not recommended for DM
Statins like atorvastatin which help lower cholesterol levels
Ace inhibitors like lisinopril which are used for blood pressure control
Bile acids resins (Colesevelam/Welchol) because they often increase triglycerides levels
which are already elevated on DM
Metformin which is commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes
, Term 10 of 79
Which drug class tells pancreas to release more insulin?
28 Days
Chf
Intermediate And Post-intermediate Outcomes
Sulfonylureasmeglitinides
Term 11 of 79
Benefits and possible side effects of Aloe
decreased
-type 1 make none (bc no beta cell fxn)
-type 2 makes less than normal amounts (bc of limited beta cell capacity)
May slow carb absorption from it's fiber content;
can decrease FBS, TG's, LDL and A1C
Accelerates defecation (cathartic)
Increased. Bc of the loss of amylin secretion (which blocks glucagon secretion) most
people with diabetes produce extra glucagon when they eat
Glucagon is a pancreatic hormone that raises the blood glucose level by stimulating the
liver to release stored glucose
Term 12 of 79
Metformin can reduce chol and TG's but may also promote B-12 deficiency - true or false
True
CHF
Not recommended if:
creatinine is over 1.4 females and 1.5 males.
GFR <60
Liver disease or alcohol abuser
Over 80 years old check renal fxn
Use of diuretics or CHF meds
Immediate outcomes
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