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Cmsrn Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Already Passed!!! Latest Updated 2024
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Cmsrn Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Already Passed!!! Latest Updated 2024
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Cmsrn Questions And Answers WithVerified Solutions Already Passed!!!
Latest Updated 2024
what type of hyponatremia is most common, results from excessive fluid intake
and leads to decreased serum sodium concentration? - ANSWER✔✔dilutional
hypotnatremia
symptoms of diltuional hyponatremia - ANSWER✔✔edema, confusion, weight
gain
treatment of dilutional hyponatremia - ANSWER✔✔fluid restriction
what type of hyponatremia results from fluid and sodium loss? - ANSWER✔✔true
hyponatremia
symptoms of true hyponatremia - ANSWER✔✔dry tissue, weight loss,
hypotension, tachycardia
treatment of true hyponatremia - ANSWER✔✔replace sodium AND water (NS or
LR)
causes of true hyponatremia - ANSWER✔✔burns, hemorrhage, adrenal
insufficiency
what type of sodium imbalance is caused by decreased fluid intake or water loss
without loss of sodium? - ANSWER✔✔hypernatremia
causes of hypernatremia - ANSWER✔✔fever, IVF with sodium, DI, high protein TF
symptoms of hypernatremia - ANSWER✔✔dry tissues, weight gain, thirst,
tachycardia, oliguria
treatment of hypernatremia - ANSWER✔✔decrease sodium, replace fluids
,which electrolyte does sodium work with? - ANSWER✔✔chloride - works to
maintain acid/base balance
which labs are most important to watch with potassium abnormalities? -
ANSWER✔✔renal
what does potassium have an inverse relationship with? - ANSWER✔✔PH, insulin,
calcium
causes of hyperkalemia - ANSWER✔✔cell wall destruction, increased intake,
potassium sparing diuretics, renal failure, acidosis
symptoms of hyperkalemia - ANSWER✔✔irritable muscles, cardiac arrhythmias,
hyperactive bowels, bladder
treatment of hyperkalemia - ANSWER✔✔limit intake, kaexylate, calcium
gluconate, IV glucose and insulin, dialysis
what electrolyte imbalance should you avoid green leafy vegetables and citrus
fruits? - ANSWER✔✔hyperkalemia
what electrolyte are avocado, dried fruits, and potato skins high in? -
ANSWER✔✔potassium
causes of hypokalemia - ANSWER✔✔vomiting, diarrhea, DKA, prolonged NG
suction, burns, potassium wasting diuretics
symptoms of hypokalemia - ANSWER✔✔muscle flaccidity and weakness,
constipation, alkalosis, shallow respirations, cardiac arrest
treatment for hypokalemia - ANSWER✔✔potassium supplements, monitor
magnesium levels
normal calcium level - ANSWER✔✔9-10.5
where is calcium stored? - ANSWER✔✔bones
, what vitamin is important for calcium absorption - ANSWER✔✔Vitamin D
what does calcium have an inverse relationship with? - ANSWER✔✔phosphorous
which electrolyte imbalance increases bleeding risk? - ANSWER✔✔hypocalcemia
causes for hypercalcemia - ANSWER✔✔cancer, bone mets, hyperparathyroidism,
excessive vitamin D, thiazide diuretics, parathyroid tumor
symptoms of hypercalcemia - ANSWER✔✔sedation, lethargy, hypoactive reflexes,
slurred speech, impaired memory (decreased LOC/CNS sympstoms), renal stones
treatment for hypercalcemia - ANSWER✔✔decrease intake, encourage fluids,
loop diuretics, phosphate administration
causes of hypocalcemia - ANSWER✔✔decreased intake, decreased vitamin D,
increased phosphate levels, renal disease, pacreatitis, alcoholism, pregnancy
symptoms of hypocalcemia - ANSWER✔✔chvosteks, trousseaus, laryngospasm,
tingling in fingers/toes/lips, coagulopathy
treatment of hypocalcemia - ANSWER✔✔increased intake, vitamin D, IV calcium
gluconate, phosphate binding antacids
sign of hypocalcemia that causes twitching of face if you tap the front of the ear? -
ANSWER✔✔chvosteks sign
sign of hypocalcemia that causes carpal tunnel/turning in of hands? -
ANSWER✔✔trousseaus sign
normal level of phosphate - ANSWER✔✔3-4.5
symptoms of this electrolyte imbalance are opposite of calcium since it has an
inverse relationship - ANSWER✔✔phosphate
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