A summary on the events in China with relation to the Cold War as the Cold War extension per the IEB Curriculum includes Sino/Soviet split. The summary was completed with information from the Oxford in Search Of History Grade 12 Learners Book and information handed out by my teacher.
- Tipped the scales in favour of Communism
- Largest communist state – presence was felt in spheres of international affairs
- Has a world outlook – “Chung Kuo” – centre of the universe
- Difficult to subordinate
- Focus shifted from Europe to Asia
- Asia – main battlefield of Cold War
- Affected USA foreign policy:
i) Feared a global takeover by communism
ii) Mao – confirmed Marxist – export the revolution globally
iii) China would oppose American influence in China
iv) Korean war & Vietnam war
v) Extend policy of containment to Asia
vi) Blocked China’s membership of the Uno – refused to recognise PRC as
the official government – supported Nationalist China (Taiwan)
vii) SEATO – Anti-communist stronghold in South East Asia
China’s Relations with the USSR:
- 1949 Peoples republic of China was established, and Stalin saw this as a
victory for Communism
- 1950 the treaty of Friendship was signed – USSR gave China aid (20,000
experts sent, Soviets received and trained 80,000 Chinese students to study
Science and Technology)
- Relations strengthened due to their support for North Korea in the Korean
War.
- USSR and China felt threatened by the USA that was building anti-
communistic alliances in Asia
- Differences in the communistic revolutions that had taken place:
i) Proletariat revolution in Russia
, ii) The Chinese Communist party had built up its support – Mao had
developed his own ideas about Marx’s theories – Change focused on the
countryside therefore focus on the peasants rather than the urban
population
iii) Mao: believed that there was to be a continuous process of transformation
until a classless society was achieved
iv) Soviets: Believed that continued revolutionary action would destroy the
country and that transformation into a classless society would happen
gradually
v) Khrushchev: denounced radical features of Stalinism and proposed a
policy of “peaceful co-existence” therefore accepting other spheres of
influence and not push for a world revolution – China accused the USSR
of revising the ideas of Marx and Lenin.
- Disputes over territory along the long border between China and USSR
- China did not receive enough aid from the USSR – some non-communist
countries received more soviet aid than what China did (Egypt and India)
- USSR was critical of Mao’s great leap forward.
- China angry when USSR refused to supply her with nuclear weapons
- Both started openly competing for influence amongst Asia and Africa
- 1960 USSR withdrew its advisors from China and cancelled all aid
- China critical of Khrushchev’s handling of the Cuban missile Crisis (1962)
- Sino soviet Split
Sino Soviet Split:
- Stalin had treated Mao badly on his first visit (poor villa no facilities)
- Mao resented the high cost of the Treaty of Friendship – believed China was
exploited
Ideological differences:
- Mao criticised Khrushchev’s policies
i) Khrushchev had denounced Stalin as a bloodthirsty Tyrant
ii) Mao was constructing a dictatorship like Stalin’s – cult personality
iii) Ended Cominform
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Theecami. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $2.83. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
