WGU Course D398 Intro to Pharmacology Exam
Latest Update 2024-2025 Actual Exam 160
Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers
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1906 Pure Food and Drug Act - CORRECT ANSWER: Prohibits the sale and transport
of adulterated or mislabeled food, drinks and drugs.
Prohibits the mislabeling and misbranding of products.
1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act - CORRECT ANSWER: created to enforce rules
such as labeling, drug approval before release, and warning labels (such as "may cause
drowsiness")
1970 Controlled Substances Act - CORRECT ANSWER: established the Drug
Enforcement Agency (DEA). This act set strict standards for abused drugs and required
prescribers to register with the DEA. , who enforces the laws included in this act.
absorption - CORRECT ANSWER: how a drug moves from its site of delivery into the
bloodstream before it can act in the body
active biologics - CORRECT ANSWER: use the body's natural immune system;
interferons
adequate intake (AI) - CORRECT ANSWER: a recommended average daily nutrient
intake level based on observed or experimentally determined estimates of nutrient
intake by a group of healthy people
adrenal corticosteroids - CORRECT ANSWER: synthetic versions of cortisol used to
treat inflammatory conditions, function by lowering inflammation and the immune
system's activity
,ages at most risk of being poisoned - CORRECT ANSWER: between the ages 1 and 5
albuterol (ProAir) - CORRECT ANSWER: a SABA bronchodilator
Side effects: throat irritation, hoarseness, and sinusitis; nervousness, tremor, dizziness,
and headache
Caution: may cause or worsen cardiac irregularities (tachycardia, palpitations,
arrhythmias, and angina)
alkylating agents - CORRECT ANSWER: antineoplastic agents whose purpose is to
prevent cell growth; i.e. cisplatin and cyclophosphamide; long-term damage associated
with these medications, specifically to bone marrow and damage to the nervous system,
ulcers, and pulmonary fibrosis.
alpha-blockers - CORRECT ANSWER: medications that relax smooth muscle in the
bladder, neck, and prostate, causing them to decrease pressure. By blocking the alpha
receptors, the urine flow rate is improved, and the symptoms of BPH (benign prostate
hyperplasia) are decreased
aminoglycosides - CORRECT ANSWER: a potent antibiotic that includes gentamicin
and amikacin. Because of poor absorption, they are typically given intravenously
amiodarone (Cordarone) - CORRECT ANSWER: An oral and injectable antiarrhythmic
drug
Side effects: tremors, numbness, visual disturbances, lung scarring, or thickness
(known as pulmonary fibrosis)
amlodipine (Norvasc) - CORRECT ANSWER: a calcium channel blocker to lower blood
pressure
Side effects: edema (swelling), abdominal discomfort, and headache
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) - CORRECT ANSWER: Lower blood pressure;
comparable to ACE inhibitors and are often used as an alternative. They inhibit the
angiotensin receptor directly. ARBs such as losartan (Cozaar) and valsartan (Diovan)
, block the effects of angiotensin II, decreasing blood pressure without a marked change
in heart rate. ARBs are associated with a lower incidence of drug-induced cough, rash,
or taste disturbances and are used in those patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors - CORRECT ANSWER: drugs that relax
veins and arteries to reduce blood pressure. They are medications that work by blocking
the ACE enzyme in the body, which leads to a decrease in angiotensin II, a chemical
that narrows blood vessels. Reducing the levels of angiotensin II can help to relax and
widen blood vessels, which can improve blood flow and lower blood pressure
antacids - CORRECT ANSWER: used to treat ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux
disease (GERD)
Antagonism - CORRECT ANSWER: when one medicine reduces or diminishes the
impact of another
Antiandrogens - CORRECT ANSWER: used to treat Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
by blocking the enzyme that produces dihydrotestosterone (DHT). High DHT levels can
contribute to the growth of the prostate glands.
antiarrhythmic medicines - CORRECT ANSWER: comprise several drugs that suppress
various kinds of heart arrhythmias in diverse ways
anticholinergics - CORRECT ANSWER: induce bronchodilation by blocking nervous
receptors in the smooth muscle of airways
Physostigmine
Antidopaminergics or dopamine-receptor antagonists - CORRECT ANSWER: anti-
nausea;
stop the chemoreceptors (responsible for detecting taste and smell) in the brain from
being stimulated, which stops messages from going to the GI tract
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