,NST1502 ASSIGNMENT 04 (PORTFOLIO)
DUE DATE 08 OCTOBER 2024
QUESTION 1
Energy Basics [18 marks]
1.1 Define and explain the different forms of energy, providing real-world
examples for each. (Focus on the following forms of energy; Kinetic energy;
potential energy; thermal energy; chemical energy; electrical energy, light
energy, and sound energy). (14)
Energy is a fundamental concept in physics and various scientific disciplines,
manifesting in multiple forms that can be transformed from one to another.
Understanding these different forms of energy has significant implications in
fields such as engineering, environmental science, and daily life. Here’s an
overview of the following forms of energy:
1. Kinetic Energy
Definition: Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion.
The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it possesses.
Formula:
\[ KE = \frac{1}{2} mv^2 \]
where \( m \) is the mass of the object and \( v \) is its velocity.
Example: A moving car has kinetic energy that increases with speed. For instance,
a car traveling at 60 km/h has more kinetic energy than one traveling at 30 km/h.
2. Potential Energy
, Definition: Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position or
state. It has the potential to be converted into kinetic energy.
Types of Potential Energy:
- Gravitational Potential Energy: Related to an object's height and gravitational
force.
Example: A rock positioned at the edge of a cliff holds gravitational potential
energy due to its height above the ground. If it falls, this potential energy converts
to kinetic energy.
3. Thermal Energy
Definition: Thermal energy is the internal energy present in a system due to the
kinetic energy of its molecules. It is related to temperature and heat transfer.
Example: Boiling water in a kettle possesses thermal energy that increases as the
water heats. The faster the molecules move, the higher the thermal energy.
4. Chemical Energy
Definition: Chemical energy is stored in the bonds of chemical compounds, such
as atoms and molecules. It is released or absorbed during a chemical reaction.
Example: Food contains chemical energy that our bodies metabolize and convert
into kinetic energy for movement and thermal energy to maintain body
temperature. Similarly, batteries store chemical energy which can be converted
into electrical energy.
5. Electrical Energy
Definition: Electrical energy is the energy derived from electric potential energy
or electric charge movement. It powers electrical devices and systems.
DUE DATE 08 OCTOBER 2024
QUESTION 1
Energy Basics [18 marks]
1.1 Define and explain the different forms of energy, providing real-world
examples for each. (Focus on the following forms of energy; Kinetic energy;
potential energy; thermal energy; chemical energy; electrical energy, light
energy, and sound energy). (14)
Energy is a fundamental concept in physics and various scientific disciplines,
manifesting in multiple forms that can be transformed from one to another.
Understanding these different forms of energy has significant implications in
fields such as engineering, environmental science, and daily life. Here’s an
overview of the following forms of energy:
1. Kinetic Energy
Definition: Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion.
The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it possesses.
Formula:
\[ KE = \frac{1}{2} mv^2 \]
where \( m \) is the mass of the object and \( v \) is its velocity.
Example: A moving car has kinetic energy that increases with speed. For instance,
a car traveling at 60 km/h has more kinetic energy than one traveling at 30 km/h.
2. Potential Energy
, Definition: Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position or
state. It has the potential to be converted into kinetic energy.
Types of Potential Energy:
- Gravitational Potential Energy: Related to an object's height and gravitational
force.
Example: A rock positioned at the edge of a cliff holds gravitational potential
energy due to its height above the ground. If it falls, this potential energy converts
to kinetic energy.
3. Thermal Energy
Definition: Thermal energy is the internal energy present in a system due to the
kinetic energy of its molecules. It is related to temperature and heat transfer.
Example: Boiling water in a kettle possesses thermal energy that increases as the
water heats. The faster the molecules move, the higher the thermal energy.
4. Chemical Energy
Definition: Chemical energy is stored in the bonds of chemical compounds, such
as atoms and molecules. It is released or absorbed during a chemical reaction.
Example: Food contains chemical energy that our bodies metabolize and convert
into kinetic energy for movement and thermal energy to maintain body
temperature. Similarly, batteries store chemical energy which can be converted
into electrical energy.
5. Electrical Energy
Definition: Electrical energy is the energy derived from electric potential energy
or electric charge movement. It powers electrical devices and systems.
