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NURS 617 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE | QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+ | VERIFIED ANSWERS | LATEST VERSION | STUDY THIS ONE!$25.99
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NURS 617 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE |
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS |
ALREADY GRADED A+ | VERIFIED
ANSWERS | LATEST VERSION | STUDY
THIS ONE!
How long does it take to see measurable effects on fracture risk with use of
bisphosphonates ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------6-12 months
Pharmacodynamics of the anabolic agent teraperitide (Forteo) in treatment
of osteoporosis ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------This drug is a
synthetic, recombinant form of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Like
physiologic PTH it stimulates osteoblast activity to form new bone. It also
increases absorption of calcium from the G.I. tract and enhances the renal
tubular reabsorption of calcium. The net effect is to increase bone density
Advantages of using the anabolic agent teraperitide (Forteo) in the
treatment of osteoporosis ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------- Effective
in reducing fracture risk in osteoporosis patients who have already suffered
a fracture
- Provides an option for patients who cannot take other therapies for
osteoporosis
Disadvantages of using the anabolic agent teraperitide (Forteo) in the
treatment of osteoporosis ------CORRECT ANSWER---------------- Very
expensive
- Must be injected subcutaneously daily
- Limited indications for use
- Not recommended for more than 2 years of therapy
,- Has caused osteosarcoma in laboratory rats; should not be used in
patients with Paget's disease of bone
Advantages of Acetaminophen in Osteoarthritis ------CORRECT ANSWER-
--------------- Does not cause G.I. tract irritations
- Does not cause a bleeding tendency like some of the other analgesics
used for osteoarthritis
- Rapid onset of action (30-60 min.)
- Very few contraindications or precautions.
Disadvantages of Acetaminophen in Osteoarthritis ------CORRECT
ANSWER---------------- Less potent than aspirin and the other NSAIDs
- Has no anti-inflammatory effects outside of the brain; will not reduce
peripheral inflammatory conditions
- Hepatotoxicity; especially in patients with pre-existing liver disease or with
concomitant alcohol intake
- Precautions in patients with renal disease; does have some nephrotoxicity
if used in excessive doses
- Has no anti platelet effects. However, it may increase the anticoagulant
effect of warfarin
Primary function of the COX-1 enzyme ------CORRECT ANSWER-------------
--The COX-1 enzyme is a normally functioning enzyme that continually
synthesizes the normal biomediators prostaglandin, prostacyclin, and
thromboxane. These biomediators have beneficial normal functions such
as gastric mucus production, enhancement of platelet function in blood
clotting, vasodilatation (especially of renal arteries), regulation of body
temperature, and stimulation of uterine contractions
Primary function of the COX-2 enzyme ------CORRECT ANSWER-------------
--The COX-2 enzyme only functions during stress or inflammatory
conditions and produces the same biomediators but in greater amounts to
, activate pain sensors, produce vasodilatation, and enhance blood clotting
in damaged blood vessels.
Which NSAID has the greatest analgesic effect ------CORRECT ANSWER--
-------------Ketorolac (Toradol) IM
Which NSAIDs have a rapid onset of action and are used for acute pain ----
--CORRECT ANSWER---------------naproxen, ibuprofen, fenoprofen,
indomethacin, etodolac, and piroxicam have an onset of action of 30-60
min
Which NSAID has a long duration of action and is useful in chronic pain ----
--CORRECT ANSWER---------------Piroxicam has a long duration of action
(2-3 days)
What medications used for osteoarthritis are recommended to be limited to
two or three times a year (per affected joint) ------CORRECT ANSWER------
---------Glucocorticoids
Glucocorticoids Used in Rheumatoid Arthritis ------CORRECT ANSWER-----
----------prednisone (Sterapred)
dexamethasone (Decadron dose-pak)
triamcinolone (Kenalog)
Glucocorticoids actions as they relate to rheumatoid arthritis are: ------
CORRECT ANSWER---------------- Suppress inflammation
- Suppress immune responses
- Increase gluconeogenesis
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