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Class notes Honors Human Anatomy and Physiology
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Unit 1 Open Anatomy Notes
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Anatomy Open NotesAids to understand words
Append-( to hang something)
1.2
Anatomy and Physiology:
Anatomy is the branch of science that deals with the structure of body parts-their forms and
how they are organized
Physiology concerns the functions of body parts- what they do and how they do it.
1.3
level of organization
Atom-molecules-macromolecules-organelle-cell-tissue-organ-organ system-organism
1.4
Characteristics of Life
We gain energy by ingesting (taking in), digesting (breaking down), absorbing, and
assimilating the nutrients in food. The absorbed substances circulate through the internal
environment of our bodies. We can then, by the process of respiration, use the energy in
these nutrients for such vital functions as movement, growth and repair of tissues. Finally,
we excrete wastes. Taken together, these physical and chemical events that obtain, release
and use energy are a major part of metabolism of all of the chemical reactions in cells.
Process Examples
Movement change in position of the body or a body part; motion of internal
organ
Responsiveness reaction to a change inside or outside the body
Growth Increase in body w/o change in shape
Reproduction Production of new organisms and new cells
Respiration obtaining O2, removing CO2, releasing energy from foods
Digestion breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and
used
Absorption passage of substances through membranes and into body fluids
Circulation movement of substances in body fluids
Assimilation changing absorbed substances into chemically different forms
Excretion removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions
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