MDE Columbia Pharm Exam 1 Questions & Answers 2024/2025
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MDE Columbia Pharm
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MDE Columbia Pharm
MDE Columbia Pharm Exam 1 Questions & Answers 2024/2025
Define and compare the various names drugs have. - ANSWERS1. Chemical: the scientific name that describes the drug's molecular or atomic structure (ie. N-acetyl-para-aminophenol).
2. Generic: the assigned name by the United States Adopt...
MDE Columbia Pharm Exam 1 Questions
& Answers 2024/2025
Define and compare the various names drugs have. - ANSWERS1. Chemical: the scientific name that
describes the drug's molecular or atomic structure (ie. N-acetyl-para-aminophenol).
2. Generic: the assigned name by the United States Adopted Names Council (non-proprietary) (ie.
acetaminophen).
3. Trade/Brand: the proprietary name developed by the company requesting approval for the drug and
identifies it as the exclusive property of that company (ie. Tylenol)
What are the big problems with trade names? - ANSWERS- single drug can have multiple trade names
- US drugs and drugs outside the US may have different active ingredients
- products with the same trade name may have different active ingredients
Characteristics of an ideal drug - ANSWERS- effective
- safe
- selective
- reversible action: drug actions to subside within appropriate time frame
- predictability: difficult to obtain as we are all genetically unique
- ease of administration
- freedom from drug interactions
- low cost
- chemical stability
- simple generic name
What are the three main properties of an ideal drug? - ANSWERS1. effectiveness: drug has the capability
of producing a desired result
2. safety: drug produces no harmful effects
3. selectivity: drug elicits only the response for which it is given
,Goal of the ideal drug - ANSWERSmaximum benefit, minimum harm, and we weigh the risk of treatment
vs. risk of no treatment
Define pharmacodynamics - ANSWERShow drugs interact with the body to produce their effects
What factors affect the intensity of a drug response? (2 administration, 4 pharmacokinetics, 3
pharmacodynamics, 5 individual)) - ANSWERSAdministration:
1. medication errors
2. patient adherence
Pharmacokinetics:
1. absorption
2. distribution
3. metabolism
4. excretion
Pharmacodynamics:
1. drug-receptor interaction
2. patient's functional state
3. placebo effects
Sources of individual variation:
1. physiologic variables
2. pathologic variables
3. genetic variables
4. drug interactions
5. food
, What is a drug-receptor interaction? - ANSWERS- primary mechanism through which drugs exert effects
is by binding to specific receptors
- intensity of the drug response depends on the affinity (how strongly in binds) of the drug for its
receptor and the efficacy (how effectively it activates the receptor once bound) of the drug
Define placebo effects - ANSWERSwhen a person expects a treatment to have a positive effect, their
brain can produce physiological changes that mimic the effects of the actual drug (psychological
response)
Compare and contrast different routes of drug administration. (11 total) - ANSWERS1. oral (most
convient, most economical, often most safe, erratic bioavailability, requires patient compliance)
2. intravenous (valuable for emergencies, permits titration, increased risk of adverse side effects)
3. subcutaneous (suitable for self administration, not suitable for large volumes, possible pain or necrosis
at site)
4. intramuscular (suitable for self administration, contraindicated with anticoagulants)
5. sublingual
6. transdermal
7. rectal
8. intra-arterial
9. intrathecal
10. inhaled
11. topical application
Pros and cons of oral (PO) administration? - ANSWERS- drug absorption variable and depends on many
factors
- most convenient and economical, often also most safe
- requires patient compliance
- bioavailability can be erratic and incomplete
Pros and cons of intravenous (IV) administration? - ANSWERS- drug absorption bypasses absorption,
potential immediate effects, suitable for large volumes and irritating substances
- valuable for emergency use, permits titration
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