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LAT Exam With Complete Solution Graded A+
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LAT Exam With Complete Solution Graded A+...
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LAT Exam With Complete Solution Graded A+These will increase the water pH: -Answer - Carbonates and bicarbonates
Calcerous substrates (coral, dolomite, limestone)
Photosynthesis
Aeration
Decomposition
These will decrease the water pH : -Answer - Nitrification
Carbon dioxide
Respiration
Feeding
This is the acceptable water temperature for zebrafish: -Answer 24 - 28 °C (75 -82 °F)
The four standard methods for dechlorinating water: -Answer 1. Allow water to stand in
open containers for 24 to 48 hours, sometimes referred to as aging the water.
2. Aerating the water.
3. Then, add sodium thiosulfate.
4. Filter municipal water through an activated carbon filter
Conductivity: - Conditon A measure of the amount of dissolved salts and minerals, which
are present as ions, within an aqueous solution
Water hardness: - Conditon A measure of the amount of specific ions dissolved in the
water
- i.e. Calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+)
"New tank syndrome" is caused by: - Conditon high ammonia and nitrite levels
,What is the common pre-surgical fasting period for animals? - Response 6 - 12 hrs
Common antiseptic soaps used on incision sites are - Response povidone iodine or
chlorhexadine
anesthesia - Response the absence of feeling or sensation
general anesthesia - Response unconsciousness wherein pain cannot be appreciated
by the central nervous system and there is complete unawareness
local anesthesia -Answer the loss of sensation only takes place in a specific part of the
body, and the animal is conscious and in control of body movements
anesthetics -Answer drugs which produce anesthesia
The route of anesthetics administration depends on: -Answer- the nature of the drug
-the duration of anesthesia desired
-the procedure being performed
-the species being anesthetized
How are local anesthetics administered? - Ans by injection or applied topically
How do local anesthetics work? - Ans They block nerve pathways at the area of
application but leave the animal fully conscious.
Give examples of a local anesthetic that is injected: - Ans -Lidocaine (Xylocaine®)
-bupivicaine (Marcaine®)
What are the forms of topical local anesthetic? - Ans - liquids
- sprays
, - creams
- ointments
Name some examples of a local anesthetic that is applied topically: - Answer -
Proparacaine Ophthaine ® is an eye drop form
- EMLA® cream is made up of lidocaine and prilocaine
What routes of administration are available for general anesthetics? - Answer by
inhalation or by injection
What routes of administration are available for injectable anesthetics? - Answer - IV
- IM
- IP
What injectable anesthetic agent is commonly used with primates? - Answer Ketamine
Give examples of common gas anesthetics: - Answer - isoflurane
- sevoflurane
What are benefits to gas anesthetics? - Answer - rapid induction of anesthesia
- animals regain normal physiological functions more rapidly than with injectable ones
What vital signs must be monitored throughout surgery? - Answer - indications of blood
perfusion
- heart rate
- blood pressure
- body temp
- respiratory rate and character
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