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HPRS 2301-Exam 1 Latest Update
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HPRS 2301-Exam 1 Latest Update ...
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HPRS 2301-Exam 1 LatestUpdate
Pathogenesis - Answer Development of the disease or the sequence of events involved
in the tissue exchange related to specific disease process
Acute - Answer sudden/short term
Insidious - Answer Gradual
Chronic - Answer gradual/ long lasting
subclinical - Answer disease present with out symptoms
latent - Answer silent stage with no signs evident (incubation period)
Prodromal - Answer aware of change in disease has elicited (signs/non-specific)
Local disease manifestation - Answer redness, swelling (edema), heat, pain, exudate
Systemic disease manifestation - Answer mild fever (pyrexia), malaise (felling unwell),
fatigue, headache, anorexia
Sign - Answer objective evidence of disease; seen by trained eye
Sign Example - Answer increased fever, increased BP, dilated pupils
Symptom - Answer subjective evidence of disease; felt by patient
Symptom Examples - Answer pain, fatigue, dizzy
Prognosis - Answer defines the probability or likelihood for recovery or other outcomes
Etiology - Answer concerns the causative factors in a particular disease
Hypertrophy - Answer increase in size of individual cell
enlarged tissue mass
Hyperplasia - Answer Increased number of cells
enlarged tissue mass
Anaplasia - Answer cells are undifferentiated with variable nuclear and cell structures
and numerous mitotic figures
, Dysplasia - Answer tissue with varied size and shape of cells. Due to chronic irritation,
infection or precancerous changes
Atrophy - Answer decrease in size of cells
reduces tissue mass
Apoptosis - Answer cell death (programmed)
Regeneration - Answer healing process occurs in damages tissues in which the cells
are capable of mitosis
Predisposing factor - Answer indicated a high risk for the disease but not certain
development
Incidence - Answer indicates the number of new cases in a given population noted
within a stated time period
Precipitating factor - Answer condition that triggers an acute espisode
First Line of Defense - Answer nonspecific/general defense mechanism
mechanical barrier -> skin/mucous membrane that blocks entry of bacteria into tissues
Skin/Mucous membranes - Answer body secretions (saliva and tears) contain
enzymes/chemicals that inactivate or destroy potentially damaging material
Second Line of Defense - Answer non-specific process of phagocytosis and
inflammation
Phagocytosis - Answer neutrophils and macrophages randomly engulf and destroy
bacterial, cell debris, or foreign matter
Interferons - Answer nonspecific agents that protect uninfected cells against viruses
Third Line of Defense - Answer specific defense mechanism; provides protection by
stimulating the production of antibodies or sensitized lymphocytes following exposure
Inflammation - Answer the bodys nonspecific response to tissue injury, resulting in
redness, swelling, warmth, pain and loss of function
Inflammation Process - Answer 1. Injury
2. cells release chemical mediators
3. vasodilation (increase blood flod)
4. increase capillary permeability
5. leukocytes move to site of injury
6. phagocytosis (removal of debris to start healing process)
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