Exam (elaborations)
NUR 376: EXAM 3
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NUR 376: EXAM 3Why is a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scan used for a client with a musculoskeletal disorder?
1. It detects soft tissue abnormalities.
2. It identifies stress fractures and bony metastases.
3. It determines mechanical derangement of the knee.
4. It visualizes the bone mineral density of the hip and lumbar vertebrae. - ANS It visualizes the bone
mineral density of the hip and lumbar vertebrae.
The purpose of dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scan is to visualize the bone mineral density (BMD)
of the hip and lumbar vertebrae and then compare that to the BMD of a 20-year-old.
While assessing a client with a musculoskeletal disorder, the nurse abducts the client's arm to 90
degrees and places anteriorly directed force on the posterior humeral head from behind. Which test
is the nurse performing?
1. Hawkins test
2. Relocation test
3. Apprehension test
4. Neer impingement test - ANS Apprehension test
When performing the apprehension test, the nurse abducts the arm to 90 degrees and places
anteriorly directed force on the posterior humeral head from behind to assess chronic anterior
instability.
While teaching a group of student nurses about different types of fractures, the nursing instructor
says, "This fracture is characterized by the crushing of cancellous bone." Which type of fracture is
the nursing instructor describing?
1. Complete
2. Transverse
3. Comminuted
4. Compression - ANS Compression
,Compression fracture is a type of fracture characterized by the crushing of cancellous bone.
When assessing a client's muscle strength using the Lovett scale, the nurse finds that the client has
no joint motion with palpable contraction of the muscle. What grade does the nurse assign to the
client based on this finding?
1. Fair
2. Poor
3. Good
4. Trace - ANS Trace
According to Lovett's scale of muscle strength, a client is assigned the grade of trace if there is no
joint motion with palpable contraction of the muscles.
Which cervical root is associated with forearm pronation and supination?
1. C5
2. C6
3. C7
4. C8 - ANS C6
The cervical root C6 is associated with elbow flexion, forearm pronation and supination, and some
wrist extension.
Which musculoskeletal disorder is also called adhesive capsulitis?
1. Bursitis
2. Plantar fasciitis
3. Frozen shoulder
4. Carpel tunnel syndrome - ANS Frozen shoulder
,Decreased active and passive range of motion (ROM) suggests the onset of frozen shoulder, also
known as adhesive capsulitis.
The nurse is performing a physical examination on a client with a suspected musculoskeletal
disorder. What is the first nursing intervention during the examination?
1. Testing sensation using perception
2. Measuring muscle girth for symmetry
3. Evaluating peripheral vascular integrity
4. Assessing general appearance, contour, and symmetry - ANS Assessing general appearance,
contour, and symmetry
While performing a physical examination in a client with a musculoskeletal disorder, the nurse
should first note the general appearance, body build, contours, alignment, and symmetry.
A client complains of pain and immobility of the wrist. On assessment, the nurse finds decreased
range of motion (ROM), edema, and ecchymosis of the distal radius. The primary health-care
provider recommends a neurovascular exam for confirmation. What does the nurse infer from these
findings?
1. The client has a Smith fracture.
2. The client has a Colles fracture.
3. The client has a clavicle fracture.
4. The client has a green stick fracture. - ANS The client has a Smith fracture.
Symptoms such as pain and immobility of the wrist, decreased range of motion (ROM), edema, and
ecchymosis of the distal radius indicate that the client has a Smith fracture. This condition is
confirmed by the neurovascular exam.
When obtaining the health history of a client with a suspected musculoskeletal disorder, why does
the nurse ask the client about travel destinations within the past year?
1. To check if the client has osteoporosis
2. To check if the client has recent allergies
, 3. To identify the loading forces involved
4. To evaluate for exposure to Lyme disease - ANS To evaluate for exposure to Lyme disease
The nurse asks the client about the travel destinations within the past year to evaluate exposure to
specific diseases such as Lyme disease.
A client presents with a swollen left thigh and a lower extremity that appears shortened. The
primary care provider orders an arteriogram. What is the client's most likely condition?
1. Ulnar nerve injury
2. Femur shaft fracture
3. Tibia/fibula fracture
4. Brachial plexus injury - ANS Femur shaft fracture
Swelling of the thigh and a shortened extremity indicates a femur shaft fracture. An arteriogram is
often needed for a client with this condition.
When assessing a client with a musculoskeletal disorder, the nurse finds lack of sensation in the
dermatome areas of the lower extremity L5. The nurse suspects lumbar sprain /strain. What does
the nurse expect the primary care provider to order in this situation?
1. Anticoagulant therapy
2. Intravenous injection of muscle relaxants
3. X-ray and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scan of the spine
4. CBC with erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein - ANS CBC with erythrocyte
sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein
A client with a lumbar sprain/strain lacks sensation in the dermatome areas of the lower extremity.
The primary health-care provider orders a complete blood count with an erythrocyte sedimentation
rate and a C-reactive protein to confirm the diagnosis.
The nurse is evaluating the performance of a student nurse while caring for a client with an ankle
sprain. Which intervention of the student nurse does the nursing instructor correct while providing
care to the client?
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