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A Level Biology Edexcel B Exam Questions With 100% Verified Answers

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  • A Level Biology
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  • A Level Biology

A Level Biology Edexcel B Exam Questions With 100% Verified Answers Features and function of the Nucleus - answer- Present in all eukaryotic cells - Surrounded by double membrane (nueclear envelope) - Membrane contains nuclear pores to allow movement of mRNA and ribosomes out of nucleus, and e...

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  • September 27, 2024
  • 71
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • A Level Biology
  • A Level Biology
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A Level Biology Edexcel B Exam Questions
With 100% Verified Answers


Features and function of the Nucleus - answer✔- Present in all eukaryotic cells


- Surrounded by double membrane (nueclear envelope)

- Membrane contains nuclear pores to allow movement of mRNA and ribosomes out of nucleus,

and enzymes into nucleus

- Stores genetic material as chromatin

- nucleolus (site of ribosome production)


Where is the site of ribosome production? - answer✔Nucleolus


Features and Function of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - answer✔- Folds of membrane with

it's surface covered in ribosomes

- Folds and processes proteins made on the ribosomes


Features and Function of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - answer✔- Folds of membrane (no

ribosomes)

- Production, processing and storage of lipids, carbohydrates and steroids

, ©BRAINBARTER 2024/2025


How to distinguish between smooth or rough endoplasmic reticulum? - answer✔Observe under

electron microscope

If ribosomes present, it is RER

If ribosomes not present, it is SER


Features and function of Golgi Apparatus - answer✔- Flattened Fluid filled curved sacs called

cisternae

- Sorts and modifies proteins and lipids before packaging them into vesicles to be transported.


Features and function of mitochondria - answer✔- Site of aerobic respiration


- Surrounded by a double membrane (envelope)

- Inner membrane folded to form cristae

- Matrix contains enzymes needed for aerobic respiration

- Also contains ribosomes and small pieces of DNA needed for replication of mitochondria

before cell division


Features and function of centrioles - answer✔- Not found in plant or fungi cells


- Made out of hollow fibres called microtubules

- Microtubules are filaments of a protein that is used to move substances inside the cell and

supports shape of cell

- Two centrioles at a right angle to each other form a centrosome

, ©BRAINBARTER 2024/2025


- Organises spindle fibres during cell division


Features and function of 80s Ribsosomes - answer✔- Found in eukaryotic cells only


- Site of protein synthesis and translation

- Made up of large 60s subunit, and small 40s subunit


Features and function of lysosomes - answer✔- Bound by single membrane


- Form of vesicle containing hydrolytic enzymes

- Used by cells of immune system for programmed cell death


Features and function of vacuole - answer✔- Large and central in plants (animal cells may have

one, but they are often small and temporary)

- Fluid filled cavity surrounded by a membrane (tonoplast)

- Helps maintain hydrostatic pressure and store cell sap


Features and function of plasmids - answer✔- Small loops of DNA sometimes found in bacterial

cells

- Contain genes that can be passed between prokaryotes (antibiotic resistance)


Features and function of slime capsule - answer✔- Help keep bacteria moist and prevent them

from drying out

- Help protect bacterial cells from attack of host organisms immune system cells


Features and function of Nucleoid - answer✔- Area in which circular DNA is found

, ©BRAINBARTER 2024/2025


- Genetic material in prokaryotic cells often found as single circular strands


Features and function of Pilus - answer✔- Thread like structures found on cell surface membrane


- Enables bacteria to attach to other cells and surfaces

- Allows plasmids to be passed from cell to cell


Features and function of 70s Ribosomes - answer✔- Large 50s subunit


- Small 30s subunit

- Site of protein synthesis


Features and function of cell wall (prokaryotic) - answer✔- Made of peptidoglycan


- Provides strength and support to the cell


Difference in structure of Gram negative and Gram positive bactera - answer✔Gram positive:


- Thick layer of peptidoglycan

- Inner plasma membrane

Gran negative:

- Thin layer of peptidoglycan

- Outer lipopolysaccharide membrane


Gram Staining Test Procedure + Results - answer✔1. Crystal violet solution for 1 minute, then

wash with water

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