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AQA Psychology A-Level Paper 2 Exam Questions With 100% Verified Answers

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AQA Psychology A-Level Paper 2 Exam Questions With 100% Verified Answers Wilhelm Wundt - answer- First Psychologist - First Lab in Germany - Experimental Conditions - Structuralism and Introspection Introspection - answerPerson Gains knowledge about their mental state by examining their cons...

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AQA Psychology A-Level Paper 2 Exam
Questions With 100% Verified Answers

Wilhelm Wundt - answer✔- First Psychologist

- First Lab in Germany

- Experimental Conditions

- Structuralism and Introspection

Introspection - answer✔Person Gains knowledge about their mental state by examining their

conscious thoughts and feelings

Empiricism - answer✔Knowledge is derived from sensory experience, characterised by the use

of the scientific method

Scientific Method - answer✔The investigative methods that are:

- Objective

- Systematic

- Reliable

Evaluation of Wundt - answer✔- methods were unreliable as it relied on non-observable

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- Introspection is not accurate because people are often unaware of are behaviours

Evaluation of the Scientific Approach - answer✔- its objective and systematic

- Rely on determinism

- Self corrective

- Create non-naturalistic environments

- Human behaviour is not always observable to the rules of science

Classical Conditioning - answer✔Pavlov - When a neutral stimulus is consistently paired with an

unconditional stimulus so that it takes on the properties on the stimulus and is able to produced a

conditioned response

Classical Conditioning steps - answer✔UCS -> UCR

NS -> No Response

UCS+NS -> UCR

CS -> CR

Features of CC - answer✔- If time interval is too great between conditioning it does not work

- CR will become extinct in the absence of the UCS after a while

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- If extinct and paired again they pair more quickly (Spontaneous Recovery)

- Stimulus generalisation, CR is created to things similar to CS

Operant Conditioning - answer✔Skinner - Learning through reinforcement or punishment, a

behaviour is more likely if followed by a desirable concequence

Positive Reinforcement - answer✔Behaviour Produces a response that is desirable

Negative Reinforcement - answer✔Doing something to stop unpleasant response

Reinforcement - answer✔Strengthening a response

Punishment - answer✔An unpleasant consequence following a behaviour

Features of Classical Conditioning - answer✔- Scheduling reinforcement makes it stronger

- Punishment

Evaluation of Classical Conditioning - answer✔- Applications in treatment of phobias

- Animal Research cannot be generalised to humans because they have different needs to learn

Evaluation of Operant Conditioning - answer✔- Use of experimental method

- Animal Research cannot be generalised to humans

Modelling - answer✔Individuals learn behaviour be observing others

Imitation - answer✔Copying a models behaviour

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Identification - answer✔Individual adopts attitudes and behaviours of a model because they want

to be like them

Vicarious Reinforcement - answer✔Individuals learn about the likely consequences by observing

a model's experiences and adjust their behaviour to obtain the same experience

The Role of the meditational Processes - answer✔Observer forms a mental representation pf the

behaviour displayed of the model and the probable consequences it will also happen to them

Evaluation of Social Learning Theory - answer✔- Applications in human behaviour

- research support (Bandura)

- Problems with causality, it may not be observing but rather people already have this a try to

find people similar

- Approach disregards other potential influences like gender

Bandura Procedures - answer✔Children were exposed to aggressive or non aggressive models

interacting with a bobo doll

Bandura Findings - answer✔Children who had aggressive models were aggressive to the doll

Children who had non-aggressive models were not aggressive to the doll

Cognitive - answer✔Refers to mental processes such as perception, memory and reasoning

Schema - answer✔A cognitive framework that helps us organise and interpret information

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