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PMH-C Exam: Questions & Complete Solutions
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PMH-C Exam: Questions & Complete Solutions
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PMH-C Exam: Questions & Complete SolutionsMilitary Stressors Right Ans - Recent/upcoming deployment
Potential lack of emotional support from partner
Fear for welfare or self or partner
Living without partner
Single parenting
Concerns about childcare
Inadequate support:
Location away from friends and family
Possibility of no established relationships with recent move
Lack of providers who understand military culture
Lack of providers for beneficiaries
Lack of providers who accept insurance
Lack of peer support due to "army strong" mentality
Lack of disclosure to others due to "small town"
Lack of ability to provide peer support due to own needs
Focus often on active duty member's psychological issuesv
Jane Honikman Right Ans - Founder of PSI
What year was PSI established? Right Ans - 1987
Louis Victor Marce Right Ans - French psychiatrist who wrote first treatise
on puerperal (about six weeks after childbirth) mental illness
James A. Hamilton Right Ans - Father of Postpartum Psychiatric Illness
Wrote book: Postpartum Psychiatric Problems
Founded the Marce Society
Advocate of research, treatment and social support movement
DAD Right Ans - Depression After Delivery (USA)
APNI Right Ans - Association for Post Natal Illness (England)
PANDA Right Ans - Post and Ante Natal Depression Association (Australia)
,Postpartum Education for Parents Right Ans - Postpartum Education for
Parents (USA)
Most important part of mental health for women, children, and families
Right Ans - Social support
How many countries does PSI have members in? Right Ans - Over 40
countries
What percentage of women will experience postpartum depression? Right
Ans - 21%
What percentage of pregnant woman will experience moderate to severe
symptoms of depression and/or anxiety? Right Ans - 20%
What percentage of pregnant women with psychiatric diagnosis were treated?
Right Ans - Less than 86%
What percentage of women on antidepressants were symptomatic due to
suboptimal treatment? Right Ans - Over 50%
The perinatal period Right Ans - The entire time frame from pregnancy
through the first year after giving birth
PMAD Right Ans - Perinatal Mood (depression and bipolar) Anxiety (GAD,
panic, OCD, PTSD) Disorders
What percentage of pregnancies are unplanned? Right Ans - 50%
PMDD Right Ans - Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Sensitive to hormonal changes
Risk factor for PMAD
What disorders classify as a PMAD? Right Ans - Depression
Anxiety and Panic disorder
OCD
PTSD
Perinatal Bipolar
Psychosis
,Perinatal depression Right Ans - Most under diagnosed obstetric
complication in America
Increased costs of medical care
Inappropriate medical care
Child abuse and neglect
Discontinuation of breastfeeding
Family dysfunction
Adversely affects early brain development
40% of cases are detected and diagnosed
60% receive treatment
Prevalence for Prenatal anxiety Right Ans - 15.8%
Prevalence for postpartum anxiety Right Ans - 8% - 20%
PMADs in Fathers Right Ans - 1 in 10 men will get anxiety/depression
Fathers with higher ACE scores reported more pregnancy-related anxiety
than did fathers with lower scores at all time points
Reported more depressive feelings during pregnancy
9.2% had depression prenatally
Maternal depression increased the risk of paternal depression
- Initial high after birth may give way to depression
- Masked male depression (substance use, irritable, aggressive)
- Distancing
- Distractions and habits
Medication Right Ans - 50-75% relapse (depression and anxiety) after
discontinuing medication while pregnant
Over 40% resume medication during pregnancy
, The benefit out weights the risk when on medication during pregnancy
Normal Pregnancy symptoms Right Ans - Mood is labile, teary
Self esteem is normal
Sleep: bladder or heartburn may awaken. Can fall asleep
No suicidal ideology
Energy: may tire, rest restores
Pleasure: joy and anticipation (appropriate worry)
Appetite: increases
Depression Symptoms Right Ans - Mood: persistent gloom
Low self-esteem, guilt
Sleep: early a.m. awakening
Suicidal thoughts, plans, or intentions
Energy: rest does not restore
Fatigue
Anhedonia
Poor appetite
Sadness, crying
Guilt and shame
Hopeless and helplessness
Overwhelm
Lack of feelings toward baby
Isolation
"This doesn't feel like me"
Worthlessness
Mood swings
Inability to care for self and family
baby blues Right Ans - -NOT a mild form of clinical depression
- Affects 60-80% of new moms
- Mild
- Lasts no more than 2 days to 2 weeks
- Predominant mood is happiness
- Common to have tearfulness, lability, reactivity
- Peaks 3-5 days after delivery
- Present in diverse cultures
- Unrelated to stress or psychiatric history
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