NUR 3145 EXAM 3 | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS| 100% VERIFIED
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Course
NUR 3145.
Institution
NUR 3145.
NUR 3145 EXAM 3 | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS| 100% VERIFIED
Intravenous Lasix should be administered slowly over ___ minutes - 1-2
which type of diuretics can be given to counteract the potassium lowering effects of loop diuretics - aldosterone blockers (potassium sparing) such as spironol...
NUR 3145 EXAM 3 | QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS| 100% VERIFIED
Intravenous Lasix should be administered slowly over ___ minutes - 1-2
which type of diuretics can be given to counteract the potassium lowering effects of loop
diuretics - aldosterone blockers (potassium sparing) such as spironolactone
describe the MOA of thiazide diuretics - block reabsorption of sodium and chloride in
the distal convulated tubule
describe the MOA of spironolactone - blocks aldosterone in distal nephron, potassium
is retained, sodium is excreted
describe the MOA of furosemide (Lasix) - blocks reabsorption of sodium and chloride in
the ascending loop of henle
why are ace inhibitors and potassium-sparing diuretics problematic - both can lead to
hyperkalemia
what is the major indication for using a potassium-sparing diuretic such as
spironolactone (aldactone) - common use- to counteract loss of potassium when loop
or thiazide diuretic used
what are the clinical manifestations of electrolyte imbalance - confusion, muscle
twitching, weakness, irregular pulse, and nausea
when the baroreceptor reflex is activated in response to low blood pressure, the
arterioles ___ and the heart rate ____ - constrict, increases
list the causes of hypokalemia - decreased intake, diuretics, excessive sweating,
increased insulin, alkalosis
list the adverse effects of furosemide (lasix) - decreases electrolytes sodium,
chloride,potassiu, hypotension, dehydration
when is the best time to take a diuretic - early morning
which antibiotic, when combined with furosemide (lasix), can potentiate hearing loss? -
gentamycin (aminoglycoside antibiotic)
, dehydration from diuretic use can promote thromboembolism. describe the symptoms of
thromboembolism - headache, pain in chest calves or pelvis, positive homan's sign,
erythema
what are the symptoms of ototoxicity? - hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo
what are the major adverse effects of spironolactone? - hyperkalemia, menstrual
irregularities, hirsutism, lowering of voice, and gynecomastia in men
when venous return increases, does cardiac output increase or decrease - increase
does HTN increase or decrease afterload - increase
how is intravenous lasix administered - IV push over 2 minutes
what class of diuretics is especially useful in patients with renal impairment - loop
diuretics
what is the potential problem when diuretics and digoxin are used together - low
potassium can increase digoxin levels to toxic range
what is the potential problem when lithium (a mood stabilizer used to treat bipolar
disorder) and furosemide (lasix) a loop diuretic, are combined - low sodium can elevate
lithium levels to toxic levels
state three factors that determine stroke volume - myocardial contractility, preload and
afterload
what is the recommended infusion rate for intravenous potassium replacement - no
more than 10 mEq/hour diluted for adults
are loop diuretics used first line for the treatment of HTN - no, they are not preferred
agents
are thiazide diuretics effective in patients with decreased glomerular filtration? - no, the
patient requires a loop diuretic
which class of drugs attenuate the effects of diuretics - NSAIDS
examples of food high in potassium - nuts, dried food, spinach, citrus fruits, potatoes,
bananas
which age group is most prone to adverse medication reactions and interactions from
diuretics - older adults
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