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LING-115 Midterm 2 Study Guide questions well answers
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LING-115 Midterm 2 Study GuideWhat did Prop 227 propose to do, and what reasons were given as support for Prop 227? - correct
answer ✔✔"English for the Children":
1. English is the language of opportunity
2. language-minority parents are eager to have children learn English
3. schools have an obligation to teach English
4. Cali schools performed poorly in educating children
5. immigrant children acquire second languages easily
What criticisms does the author of this chapter make of some of these reasons/arguments for Prop 227?
- correct answer ✔✔#1-3 are right; Question is more of either/or choice between English/other
languages
#4 is wrong; only 30% language-minority students received any bilingual education before Prop. 227
even though they were eligible
#5 is wrong unless we examine social/educational contexts of second language learning; many English-
speaking monolingual children have difficulty mastering literacy skills
What have been the results of Prop 227 for education in California? - correct answer ✔✔Variation across
California school districts (districts with different English programs for language-minority students);
some with strong bilingual programs, some single-language programs
What is Prop 58? - correct answer ✔✔Advocated a repeal of measures requiring English-only instruction;
renewed freedom for schools to develop/offer bilingual programs as they wished
What attributed towards the rise of Prop 58? - correct answer ✔✔Parents angry about having to submit
a waiver for bilingual education; benefits of learning two languages are obvious; biliteracy and
bilingualism are skills to give significant advantages in competition with others
Unit 5 - correct answer ✔✔Unit 5
,Global language - correct answer ✔✔Language which has a specific role and dominant widespread use
throughout the countries of the world
English is the mother tongue of how many countries? - correct answer ✔✔Seven (USA, Canada, Britain,
Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa)
English is an official language of over ___ countries - correct answer ✔✔70
Main competitors to English in official language - correct answer ✔✔French
German
Spanish
Russian
Arabic
3 ways a language can be a global language - correct answer ✔✔1. Mother language
2. Recognition of official language
3. Strongly promoted in education
How do languages become successfully spread internationally? - correct answer
✔✔Military/economic/cultural power of their speakers, NOT because "they are easy to learn"
How did English become globally dominant? - correct answer ✔✔British military force/colonization
(British)
Industrial/trading global power
USA had a productive economy (19th/20th Century)
Why do we need a global language? - correct answer ✔✔Establishment of world organizations (UN,
World Bank, etc.)
Two technological developments stressing for a global language - correct answer ✔✔1. Air travel
, 2. Communication systems - fax, internet, e-mail
Dangers of global languages - correct answer ✔✔People who have English as a mother tongue are less
eager to learn other languages
Is language death attributed to the rise of global languages? - correct answer ✔✔No; language death is
caused by the growth of other local languages in the area
Will anything stop the growth of a global language? - correct answer ✔✔Yes; if there is another language
with equal political power it can replace the current global language
How can English be eliminated as a global language? - correct answer ✔✔Machine translation -
translating machines to mimic natural human speech
Why is English becoming the world's first really global language? - correct answer ✔✔Colonization and
emigration
English-speaking territories were: - correct answer ✔✔North America (USA/Canada - 17th Century) + the
Caribbeans
Australia and New Zealand (from 18th Century)
South Africa (19th Century)
Southeast Asia: Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong
African Colonies
South Asia
Spread of English in 3 Circles: - correct answer ✔✔1. Inner Circle
2. Outer/Extended Circle
3. Expanding Circle
Inner circle - correct answer ✔✔Traditional bases of English (USA, UK, Ireland, Canada, Australia, New
Zealand)
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