NURS617 Midterms
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1. descent of the fetus into the true pelvis about 4 wks lightening
prior to labor
2. triggers that promote cervical change include in- inflammation,
crease in ____, ___ and ___ activity oxytocin,
prostaglandin
3. lengthening of muscle fibers at the internal cervical effacement
os
4. in nulliparous women, ___ precedes ____ effacement, dila-
tion
5. widening of the cervical os dilation
6. the passing of the mucous plug often indicates im- 48
pending labor in ___ hours
7. phases of parturition include activation, stimu-
0- quiescence lation, involution
1- ___
2- ____
3- ____
8. inhibitors of uterine contractions include ___, prosta- progesterone, ni-
cyclin, relaxin, and ____ ___ trous oxide
9. ___ stimulates upregulartion of myometrial receptors estrogen
for oxytocin and pg and activation of gap junctions in
activation stage
10. ___ and ___ promote labor progression in stimulation oxytocin,
stage prostaglandins
11. uterine involution after birth is mediated by ___ and oxytocin, thrombin
possibly ___
12. transmembrane proteins that create a pore between gap junctions
myocytes and allow propagation of action potentials
to synchronize cxns
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13. facilitates cxns, increases myometrial sensitivity to prostaglandins
oxytocin, and stimulates formation of gap jxns
14. during the activation phase of labor, the placenta crh
increases production of ___
15. placental crh is transported to the fetus where is cortisol, dheas
stimulates ___ production by the fetal adrenal glands
and ___ which serves as substrate for estrogen pro-
duction
16. ___ influences transition from progesterone to estro- crh, estrogen
gen dominance in labor through stimulation of fetal
adrenal activity, which increases fetal production of
DHEA-s, this is then converted to ___ that oppose
progesterone
17. pro inflammatory cytokines released at the onset of calcium,
labor promote ___ entry into smooth muscles and prostaglandin
increased ___ production
18. ___ is the main player during the stimulation phase of oxytocin
labor
19. oxytocin peaks with fetal expulsion
20. oxytocin binds to oxytocin receptors that stimulate calcium
smooth muscle contractions through a ___ depen-
dent pathway
21. the relationship with prostaglandin and oxytocin is bidirectional
___
22. changes in oxytocin ___ ___ and ___ rather than the receptor number,
amount of oxytocin is the influence to the strength sensitivity
and frequency of cxns
23. plasma levels of oxytocin change during the ___ second
stage of labor
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24. the pattern of a cxn is referred to as ___, ___ and ___ increment, acme,
phases of cxn decrement
25. the uterine muscle is thickest at the ___ fundus
26. the line of demarcation between active and passive retraction ring
segments of the uterus is termed physiologic ___
____
27. with continued cxns, the uterine fundus becomes ___ shorter, thicker,
and ___ and the lower uterine segment becomes ___ longer
28. oxytocins primary role is to ____ labor maintain
29. oxytocin is secreted primarily by posterior pituitary
30. prostaglandins are produced by amnion, chorion,
and decidua
31. drug that stimulates the beta-adrenergic signaling terbutaline
pathway for ptl
32. drug that inhibits inflammatory pathways for ptl indomethacin
33. drug that is a calcium channel blocker for ptl nifedipine
34. four Ps of labor passenger, power,
passage, psyche
35. ___ phase of labor is when contractions become reg- latent
ular, more painful, and more frequent but there is little
cervical dilation.
36. __ phase of labor is when cervix dilates over a period active
of hours to complete dilation
37. time from complete dilation to birth of newborn second stage
38. time from birth to placenta delivery third stage
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