Chapter 13 - The Micronutrients:
Vitamins and Minerals Midterm Exam
Questions And Guaranteed Pass
Answers.
Objectives - Answer > Differentiate between fat-soluble vitamins and water-soluble vitamins
> List functions and sources of major minerals and trace minerals
> Explain the impact food processing and preservation methods have on the nutritive value of food
> identify non-nutritive functions of vitamins and minerals used as food additives
> describe how to reduce vitamin and mineral losses during home food storage and preparation
Vitamins - Answer Are organic compounds needed in small amounts in the diet to help regulate body
processes
If vitamins are missing from diet - Answer Enzyme reactions are slowed or stopped and body processes
are impaired
> they act as coenzymes needed for reaction to occur
to identify vitamins - Answer Scientists gave vitamins names, letters, or numbers to identify them
Fat soluble vitamins - Answer > Have nonpolar molecular structure and dissolve in fat and oils
> Include vitamins A, D, E and K
Water soluble vitamins - Answer > Are polar and dissolve in water and water-based liquids
> Include the B vitamins and vitamin C
Storage of fat soluble vitamins - Answer > can be stored in the body
> Bile from the liver is needed for digestion of vitamins
, > A surplus is stored in the liver and in fatty tissue for future use
> They cannot be easily extracted once absorbed
> Mega-doses can build up to poisonous levels.
Vitamin A - Answer > Fat soluble
> Aids in night vision
> Maintains healthy skin and internal lining of lungs and digestive tract
> Ensure proper immune system functions
> Ensures production and regulation of hormones
> Breaks down bone for reshaping during growth
> works with folic acid, protein, and iron to form red blood cells.
> Aids in reproduction
Vitamin A is found in 2 basic forms - Answer > Retinol
> A precursor for retinol, found in orange and dark green fruits and vegetables, is called beta-carotene
(B-carotene)
Retinol - Answer > is the active form of vitamin A
> is found in liver, eggs, butter, milk and cheese.
> is yellow and found in foods from animals sources
> in group of preformed vit A
Precursor - Answer > also called provitamins
> are chemical compounds the body changes into the active forms of vitamin
Beta carotene - Answer > precursor for retinol
> 3 units of BC to make 1 unit of retinol
> bright orange
> foods high in beta carotene - carrots, sweet potatoes, pumpkins
Vitamins and Minerals Midterm Exam
Questions And Guaranteed Pass
Answers.
Objectives - Answer > Differentiate between fat-soluble vitamins and water-soluble vitamins
> List functions and sources of major minerals and trace minerals
> Explain the impact food processing and preservation methods have on the nutritive value of food
> identify non-nutritive functions of vitamins and minerals used as food additives
> describe how to reduce vitamin and mineral losses during home food storage and preparation
Vitamins - Answer Are organic compounds needed in small amounts in the diet to help regulate body
processes
If vitamins are missing from diet - Answer Enzyme reactions are slowed or stopped and body processes
are impaired
> they act as coenzymes needed for reaction to occur
to identify vitamins - Answer Scientists gave vitamins names, letters, or numbers to identify them
Fat soluble vitamins - Answer > Have nonpolar molecular structure and dissolve in fat and oils
> Include vitamins A, D, E and K
Water soluble vitamins - Answer > Are polar and dissolve in water and water-based liquids
> Include the B vitamins and vitamin C
Storage of fat soluble vitamins - Answer > can be stored in the body
> Bile from the liver is needed for digestion of vitamins
, > A surplus is stored in the liver and in fatty tissue for future use
> They cannot be easily extracted once absorbed
> Mega-doses can build up to poisonous levels.
Vitamin A - Answer > Fat soluble
> Aids in night vision
> Maintains healthy skin and internal lining of lungs and digestive tract
> Ensure proper immune system functions
> Ensures production and regulation of hormones
> Breaks down bone for reshaping during growth
> works with folic acid, protein, and iron to form red blood cells.
> Aids in reproduction
Vitamin A is found in 2 basic forms - Answer > Retinol
> A precursor for retinol, found in orange and dark green fruits and vegetables, is called beta-carotene
(B-carotene)
Retinol - Answer > is the active form of vitamin A
> is found in liver, eggs, butter, milk and cheese.
> is yellow and found in foods from animals sources
> in group of preformed vit A
Precursor - Answer > also called provitamins
> are chemical compounds the body changes into the active forms of vitamin
Beta carotene - Answer > precursor for retinol
> 3 units of BC to make 1 unit of retinol
> bright orange
> foods high in beta carotene - carrots, sweet potatoes, pumpkins
