Ethics in America DSST Exam Questions With 100% Verified Answers.
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Ethics in America DSST Exam Questions
With 100% Verified Answers.
Ethics - answerThe academic discipline of analyzing morality, based on reasoning, rules and
logic.
Cosmogony - answerThe study of the origin of the universe.
Pythagoras - answerA pre-Socratic philosopher, mathematician and cosmo...
Ethics in America DSST Exam Questions
With 100% Verified Answers.
Ethics - answer✔The academic discipline of analyzing morality, based on reasoning, rules and
logic.
Cosmogony - answer✔The study of the origin of the universe.
Pythagoras - answer✔A pre-Socratic philosopher, mathematician and cosmologist who wrote
nothing himself, but is historically thought to have believed in the magic of numbers and
reincarnation.
Sophists - answer✔A group of traveling teachers from the fifth century BC who were paid to
lecture on a variety of topics. They can be considered the first relativists, and gained a reputation
for being untrustworthy thanks to their reliance on persuasion over truth.
Relativism - answer✔The belief that every point of view and standard of behavior is equally
valid.
Thucydides - answer✔A Greek historian who wrote The History of the Peloponnesian War,
which presented a mixture of facts and fact-based fictionalization. In it he raises questions of the
ethics of war. He equated freedom with happiness and courage.
Socrates - answer✔One of the most famous thinkers of all time, not for his beliefs, but his
dialectic method of teaching. He never wrote anything himself, but was memorialized in the
works of his student, Plato. For him, virtue and knowledge were the same, and all wickedness
stemmed from ignorance. The Athenian government saw him as a threat and had him executed.
Dialectic - answer✔Also known as the Socratic Method, a method of argument in which one
person asks the other questions to try to get them to realize their own answers or the flaws in
their argument.
Plato - answer✔Founder of the Academy and writer of the Republic.
Allegory of the Cave - answer✔An extended metaphor created by Plato. It describes a group of
prisoners in a cave, chained so their backs are to the entrance. They believe that the shadows
(sensed reality) before them are reality, until someone manages to get free, turn around and see
the source of the shadows (the real world, which can only be experienced intellectually).
Aristotle - answer✔A philosopher and Plato's student who concentrated on empirical knowledge.
He believed that change is necessary and natural, and everything has a purpose. He wrote
Nicomachean Ethics, and that balance was the key to happiness.
Stoics - answer✔Followers of Zeno, Greeks who believed that absolute laws and destiny ruled
the universe, and that since humans could not change fate, they were happiest when they simply
accepted it and lived with self-control.
Hedonists - answer✔Also known as Epicureans after their original teacher, these believed that
happiness was the purpose of life, and anything that reduced pain and increased happiness was
therefore good.
Christianity - answer✔A religion founded by Jesus Christ, based on the Bible, that teaches that
humanity is fallen and can only find salvation through faith in Christ and his substitutiary
sacrifice.
Judaism - answer✔The oldest monotheistic religion, it is based on the Old Testament or Hebrew
Bible, and influenced both Christianity and Islam. It places emphasis on history, laws and
religious community.
Islam - answer✔A religion based on the Koran, which incorporates elements of Christianity and
Judaism but declares itself to be the fulfillment of both through its prophet, Mohammed.
Hinduism - answer✔A polytheistic religion in which moral guidance is based on principles like
ahimsa (nonviolence), dharma (caste duties) and karma (consequences). It emphasizes
detachment from pain and causing as little harm as possible.
Buddhism - answer✔An offshoot of Hinduism with saints instead of gods, and which
emphasizes moral behavior to achieve happiness through many cycles of reincarnation.
Natural Law Theory - answer✔Beliefs based on the idea that moral standards originate from
human nature and the universe, and that deviation from the natural norm is wrong.
Thomas Hobbes - answer✔An English philosopher who believed that humans live fearfully in a
world full of insecurity and violence, and that submission to rulers is the only way to have
harmony in a society. Wrote the Leviathan.
John Locke - answer✔An English philosopher who asserted that individuals have certain natural
rights, like living without being harmed by others, make their own choices, and own property,
and that the purpose of the government was to protect those rights.
Jean-Jacques Rosseau - answer✔A French philosopher who believed that humans were innately
good and corrupted by society, and general will--power rests in the citizens.
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