Summary
Samenvatting criminaliteit en samenleving
- Course
- Institution
Dit document bevat alle lessen. Ik behaalde hiermee een 15/20.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
StCrimia
Content preview
Criminaliteit en samenleving1. CONTENTS
1. Criminaliteit als maatschappelijk vraagstuk ................................................................................... 5
1.1 Twee belangrijke denkbeelden: "afwijkende individu" – "rationele individu"....................... 5
1.1.1 Het afwijkende individu (“het monster”)........................................................................ 5
1.1.2 Rationele Individu ........................................................................................................... 7
1.1.3 Waarom kunnen we criminaliteit niet reduceren tot de handelingen van (afwijkende)
individuen?.................................................................................................................................... 10
1.1.4 Belangrijke inzichten - Smith (2008: 339) ..................................................................... 12
1.2 Hoe is sociale orde mogelijk?................................................................................................ 13
1.2.1 Talcott Parsons (1902- 1979) (is een van de oervaders) ............................................................. 13
1.2.2 Normen en waarden (wat zijn ze nu concreet? ) .......................................................... 14
1.2.3 Wat betekenen de normen en waarden in de samenleving? : ..................................... 15
1.3 Hoe verklaart het ‘Waarden en Normen’ perspectief criminaliteit ...................................... 16
1.3.1 Subcultuur denken ........................................................................................................ 17
1.4 neutraliseringstechnieken : Sykes en Matza......................................................................... 21
1.4.1 Neutraliseringstechnieken: Ze overtreden hun waarden en normen waarin ze zelf
geloven door neutralisatietechnieken. ......................................................................................... 23
1.4.2 David Matza (1930 – 2018) ........................................................................................... 24
1.5 mensen interageren met elkaar............................................................................................ 26
1.5.1 criminaliteit als collectieve actie ................................................................................... 26
1.5.2 interactiepatronen ........................................................................................................ 29
1.6 Samenleving als een interactie proces ................................................................................. 29
1.6.1 George Herbert Mead (1863 – 1931)............................................................................ 29
1.6.2 Kerninzichten ................................................................................................................ 29
1.6.3 Herbert Blumer (1900 – 1987) ...................................................................................... 30
1.7 een steeds kleinere wereld ................................................................................................... 31
1.7.1 Stanley Milgram (1933-1984) ....................................................................................... 31
1.8 macht maakt intrinsiek deel uit van menselijk handelen (interactieve) .............................. 33
1.8.1 Norbert Elias (1897- 1990) (1ste dimensie) .................................................................. 33
1.8.2 Kerninzichten ................................................................................................................ 33
1.8.3 Solomon Ash (1907- 1996) (2de dimensie) ................................................................... 34
1.9 Master status [aka enkelvoudig verhaal] .............................................................................. 35
1.9.1 Evertt C. Hughes (1897 – 1983) .................................................................................... 35
1
, 1.9.2 Erving Goffman (1922-1982) ......................................................................................... 37
1.10 Identiteit ............................................................................................................................... 38
1.10.1 Hoe we onszelf beschrijven, hoe we anderen beschrijven etc. .................................... 38
1.10.2 Superdiversiteit ............................................................................................................. 39
1.10.3 Waarom is de beoordeling van gedrag belangrijk om deviantie te begrijpen? ............ 39
1.10.4 In wat volgt… ................................................................................................................. 40
1.11 kritische theorie: ................................................................................................................... 41
1.11.1 Karl Max (5mei 1818 – 14 Maart 1883) ........................................................................ 41
1.11.2 Enkele belangrijke begrippen! ...................................................................................... 42
1.12 surveillance kapitalisme ........................................................................................................ 43
1.12.1 Vals bewustzijn.............................................................................................................. 44
1.13 Postcolonial studies – Edward Said....................................................................................... 45
1.14 Daderschap als maatschappelijk gesitueerde biografie ....................................................... 46
1.14.1 De levensloop criminologie (tekst lezen) ...................................................................... 46
1.14.2 De leeftijdscriminaliteitscurve (tekst) ........................................................................... 46
1.14.3 Delinquency in a birth cohort: ...................................................................................... 47
1.14.4 Maatschappelijk gesitueerde biografie: ....................................................................... 47
2. Cybercriminaliteit.......................................................................................................................... 48
2.1 Kinderpornografie ................................................................................................................. 48
2.1.1 De productie en het verspreiden van materiaal waarop kindermisbruik te zien is blijft
erg problematisch ......................................................................................................................... 48
2.1.2 Kinderen en jongeren zijn steeds vaker slachtoffer van materiaal dat ze zelf hebben
gemaakt 49
2.2 online Fraude ........................................................................................................................ 50
2.2.1 Impact Covid-19 ............................................................................................................ 50
2.2.2 Phising en social engineering ........................................................................................ 50
2.3 Cyberafhankelijke criminaliteit ............................................................................................. 51
2.3.1 Ransomeware ............................................................................................................... 51
2.3.2 Malware ........................................................................................................................ 51
2.3.3 DDos .............................................................................................................................. 51
2.3.4 RDDos ............................................................................................................................ 51
2.3.5 Crime-as-a-service (CaaS) ! ........................................................................................... 52
2.4 Dark Web .............................................................................................................................. 52
2.4.1 Routine activiteit theorie .............................................................................................. 52
2.4.2 Rationele keuzetheorie (kosten baten afwegen).......................................................... 53
2
, 2.5 Het cyborg crimi-perspectief (cyborg= wezen dat mens en machine is) .............................. 54
3. georganiseerde criminaliteit ......................................................................................................... 56
3.1 georganiseerde criminaliteit definiëren ............................................................................... 56
3.1.1 United Nations Convention against - Transnational Organized Crime ......................... 56
3.1.2 Discussies over de definitie van georganiseerde criminaliteit...................................... 56
3.2 dominante denkbeelden over georganiseerde criminaliteit ................................................ 57
3.2.1 Homo economicus en efficiente markten (idee van rationele onderneming) ( 1 ste
vaststelling) ................................................................................................................................... 57
3.2.2 Dader van georganiseerde criminaliteit hebben bijzondere kenmerken (2de
vaststelling) ................................................................................................................................... 57
3.2.3 Onzichtbaar, geheim en besloten ................................................................................. 58
3.3 groepen ................................................................................................................................. 59
3.3.1 Yakuza: Japanse georganiseerde criminaliteit. ............................................................. 59
3.3.2 Triades ........................................................................................................................... 60
3.3.3 Sinaloa Cartel ................................................................................................................ 61
3.3.4 Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13) ............................................................................................ 61
3.3.5 'Ndrangheta .................................................................................................................. 61
3.4 Georganiseerde criminaliteit is maatschappelijk verankerd ................................................ 62
3.4.1 Kernbevindingen ........................................................................................................... 62
3.5 Europese uitdagingen ........................................................................................................... 63
3.6 Empact .................................................................................................................................. 63
4. Gastspreker – kristof boesh – collectief geweld. .......................................................................... 64
4.1 Auschwitz .............................................................................................................................. 64
4.1.1 Kolonisatie van Polen door Duitsland ........................................................................... 64
4.1.2 The zone of interest (film)= beeldt het daderschap van WOII af ................................. 64
4.1.3 de fotoboeken ............................................................................................................... 65
4.1.4 strafrecht....................................................................................................................... 65
4.1.5 denkkader ..................................................................................................................... 65
4.2 verklaringen .......................................................................................................................... 66
5. Terrorisme en radicalisering ......................................................................................................... 69
5.1 Terrorisme als individualiseerbaar probleem? (antw: NEEEN) ............................................. 69
5.1.1 Terrorisme als pathologie ............................................................................................. 69
5.1.2 Terrorisme en de bestrijding van het kwade ................................................................ 70
5.1.3 Terrorisme als rationele keuze...................................................................................... 72
5.2 Terrorisme als maatschappelijk vraagstuk............................................................................ 73
3
, 5.2.1 Waarom is terrorisme een maatschappelijk vraagstuk? .............................................. 73
5.3 Trends ................................................................................................................................... 75
5.3.1 Terrorisme is gesitueerd in tijd en plaats ..................................................................... 75
5.3.2 Overzicht 2022 (global Terrorism index – 2023)........................................................... 75
5.3.3 Trends (Global Terrorism index – 2024) ....................................................................... 77
5.3.4 Specifieke kenmerken van het fenomeen terrorisme .................................................. 77
5.3.5 Interacties tussen terroristische groepen en georganiseerde criminaliteit ................. 78
5.3.6 Jamaat Nusrat al-islam muslimeen (JNIM) ................................................................... 80
5.3.7 israël vs. Palestina ......................................................................................................... 80
5.3.8 gatekeepers................................................................................................................... 82
5.3.9 besluit............................................................................................................................ 82
5.3.10 Terrorisme in de EU ...................................................................................................... 83
5.3.11 Rechtsextremistische terrorisme .................................................................................. 83
5.3.12 Links-extremistisch en anarchistisch terrorisme .......................................................... 85
5.4 Effecten van beleid ............................................................................................................... 86
5.4.1 Genetica ........................................................................................................................ 86
5.4.2 Evolutionair proces van partnerkeuze .......................................................................... 87
5.4.3 Maatschappelijke structuren ........................................................................................ 87
5.5 Geweld .................................................................................................................................. 88
5.5.2 Geweld of interpersoonlijk niveau ................................................................................ 89
5.5.3 Geweld op maatschappelijk niveau .............................................................................. 89
5.6 Belangrijke vraagstukken in de aanpak van terrorisme - Deradicalisering........................... 90
5.6.1 Preventie-door-detectie................................................................................................ 90
5.6.2 De 3 L's .......................................................................................................................... 90
5.6.3 A Culture if sucpicion (chan, 2008) ............................................................................... 91
5.6.4 Herpluralisering............................................................................................................. 91
6. gastles: Gewelddadig extremisme door de lens van neutraliseringstheorie................................ 92
6.1 neutralisatietheorie .............................................................................................................. 92
6.2 The Christchurch (Nieuw Zeeland) mosque shootings (15 maart 2019) .............................. 93
6.2.1 manifesto-analyse aanpak ............................................................................................ 94
4
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller StCrimia. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $16.70. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
72042 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now