NUR 331 Med Review Questions and
Complete Solutions
Acyclovir ✅Trade names-Avirax, Zovirax
Therapeutic Class- antiviral
Pharmacologic Class- purine analogues
Indications- Genital herpes, herpes zoster (shingles) chickenpox (varicella)
Side effects- dizziness, H/A, N/V/D, pain, phlebitis, abdominal pain, elevated liver
enzymes, hematuria, rashes
Implications- maintain adequate hydration, observe infusion site for phlebitis
Benazepril ✅Trade name- Lotensin
Therapeutic Class- antihypertensive
Pharmacologic Class- ACE inhibitor
Indications- HTN management
Side effects- cough, hypotension, taste disturbances, dizziness, drowsiness, angina,
edema, tachycardia, hyperkalemia, abdominal pain
Implications- Avoid salt substitutes containing potassium, change positions slowly to
minimize hypotension. May cause dizziness. Caution patient to avoid driving and other
activities requiring alertness. Notify health care professional if rash; mouth sores; sore
throat; fever; swelling of hands or feet; irregular heartbeat; chest pain; dry cough;
hoarseness; swelling of face, eyes, lips, or tongue; or if difficulty swallowing or breathing
occurs.
Bumetanide ✅Trade name- Bumex
Therapeutic Class-diuretic
Pharmacologic Class- loop diuretic
Indications- edema due to CHF, hepatic, or renal disease, HTN
Side effects- hypokalemia, dehydration, hypovolemia, hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia,
hypochloremia, metabolic alkalosis, hypotension, dry mouth, excessive urination,
hyperglycemia, dizziness, H/A
Indications- Change positions slowly to minimize orthostatic hypotension. Consult health
care professional regarding a diet high in potassium. Contact health care professional of
gain more than 3 lbs in one day. Sunscreen and protective clothing to prevent
photosensitivity reactions. Advise patient to contact health care professional
immediately if rash, muscle weakness, cramps, nausea, dizziness, numbness, or
tingling of extremities occurs. Monitor blood glucose closely.
Misoprostol ✅Trade name- Cytotec
Therapeutic Class- Antiulcer agent
Pharmacologic Class- Prostaglandins
Indications- Prevention of gastric mucosal injury from NSAIDs, including aspirin, in high-
risk patients.
Used with mifepristone for termination of pregnancy.
, Side effects- abdominal pain, diarrhea, miscarriage.
Implications- Inform patient that misoprostol will cause spontaneous abortion. Inform
patient that diarrhea may occur. Notify if diarrhea persists for more than 1 wk and report
onset of black, tarry stools or abdominal pain
Sulfasalazine ✅Trade name- Azulfidine
Therapeutic Class- Salicylate-sulfonamide.
Pharmacologic Class- gastroinestinal anti-inflammatories, antirheumatics (DMARD)
Indications- Mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis, Rheumatoid arthritis unresponsive or
intolerant tosalicylates and/or NSAIDs
Side effects- headache, anorexia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, rash, fever,
EXFOLIATIVE DERMATITIS, STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME, TOXIC EPIDERMAL
NECROLYSIS, AGRANULOCYTOSIS, APLASTIC ANEMIA, ANGIOEDEMA,
ANAPHYLAXIS
Implications- Notify health care professional if skin rash, sore throat, fever, mouth sores,
unusual bleeding or bruising, wheezing, fever, or hives occur. Wear protective clothing
to prevent photosensitivity reactions. May cause orange-yellow discoloration of urine
and skin. Inform male patient that sulfasalazine may cause infertility.
Temazepam ✅Trade name- Restoril
Therapeutic Class- sedative/hypnotic
Pharmacologic Class- benzodiazepine
Indications- short term insomnia management (<4 weeks)
Side effects- hangover, abnormal thinking, behavioral changes, dizziness, drowsiness,
hallucinations, lethargy, blurred vision, paradoxic excitation, N/V/D, dependence,
tolerance
Indications- Caution patient to avoid driving or other activities requiring alertness until
response to medication is known and reduce falls risk at home. Avoid the use of alcohol
and other CNS depressants and OTC preparations that contain antihistamines. Caution
patient that complex sleep-related behaviors may occur such as sleep-driving, making
phone calls, preparing and eating food, having sex, sleep walking. Be able to devote 8
hrs to sleep.
Clindamycin ✅Trade name- Cleocin
Therapeutic Class- anti-infective
Indications- PO: IM: IV: Treatment of: Skin and skin structure infections, Respiratory
tract infections, Septicemia, Intra-abdominal infections, Gynecologic infections,
Osteomyelitis, Endocarditis prophylaxis. Topical: Severe acne. Vag: Bacterial vaginosis.
Side effects- PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS COLITIS, diarrhea
Indications- Instruct patient to notify provider if diarrhea, abdominal cramping, fever, or
bloody stools occur and not to self treat with antidiarrheals. Advise patient to report
signs of superinfection (furry overgrowth on the tongue, vaginal or anal itching or
discharge). Bitter taste occurring with IV administration is not clinically significant. Vag:
Instruct patient remain recumbent for at least 30 min staining of clothing or
bedding.refrain from vaginal sexual intercourse during treatment. Topical: Caution
solution is flammable
