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Summary AP US GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS questions and answers
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AP US GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS questions and answers
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AP US GOVERNMENT AND POLITICSquestions and answers
democracy - gov by the people, either directly or indirectly, with free and frequent
elections
direct democracy - gov in which citizens vote on laws and select officials more
directly
representative democracy - gov that derives its powers indirectly from the people,
who elect those who will govern; also called a republic
constitutional democracy - gov that enforces recognized limits on those who
govern and allows the voice of the people to be heard through free, fair, and
relatively frequent elections
constitutionalism - set of arrangements, including checks and balances,
federalism, separation of powers, rule of law, due process, and a bill of rights, that
requires leaders to listen, think, bargain, and explain before they act or make laws.
We then hold them politically and legally accountable for how they exercise their
powers.
statism - the idea that the rights of the nation are supreme over the rights of the
individuals residing in that nation
,AP US GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
questions and answers
popular consent - the idea that a just gov must derive its powers from the consent
of the people it governs
majority rule - governance according to the expressed preferences of the majority
majority - the candidate or party that wins more than half the votes cast in an
election
plurality - candidate or party with the most votes case in an election, not
necessarily more than half
ideology - a consistent pattern of beliefs about political values and the role of gov
theocracy - gov by religious leaders, who claim divine guidance
Articles of Confederation - the first governing document of the confederated
states, drafted in 1777, ratified in 1781, and replaced by the present Constitution
in 1789
,AP US GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
questions and answers
Annapolis Convention - A convention held in September 1786 to consider
problems of trade and navigation, attended by five states and important because
it issued the call to Congress and the states for what became the Constitutional
Convention
Constitutional Convention - The convention in Philadelphia, May 25-September
17, 1787, that framed the Constitution of the United States
Shays' Rebellion - Rebellion by farmers in western Massachusetts in 1786-1787,
protesting mortgage foreclosures; led by Daniel Shays and important because it
highlighted the need for a strong national gov just as the call for the Constitutional
Convention went out
bicameralism - the principle of a two house legislature
Virginia Plan - initial proposal at the Constitutional Convention made by the
Virginia delegation for a strong central gov with a bicamerl legislature, the lower
house to be elected by the voters and the upper chosen by the lower,
representation based on wealth or population
, AP US GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
questions and answers
New Jersey Plan - proposal at the Constitutional Convention made by William
Paterson of New Jersey for a central gov with a single-house legislature in which
each state would be represented equally
Connecticut Compromise - compromise agreement by states at the Constitutional
Convention for a bicameral legislature with a lower house in which representation
would be based on population and an upper house in which each state would
have two senators
Three-Fifths Compromise - compromise agreement between northern and
southern states at the Constitutional Convention that the three fifths of the slave
population would be counted for determining direct taxation and representation
in the House of Representatives
Federalists - supporters of ratification of the Constitution who position promoting
a strong central gov was later voiced in the Federalist party
Antifederalists - opponents of ratification of the Constitution and of a strong
central government generally
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