Class notes
Lecture notes Brain anatomy BMS24 MSc Biomedical Sciences Nijmegen
- Course
- Institution
Summary of the lectures on anatomy of course BMS24 in Nijmegen
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
kimbijl
Reviews received
Content preview
Lecture 1:- 100 billion neurons in the brain, each connected to 1000-100.000 other neurons.
- Around 15000 synapses per neuron
- Different types of neurons have different functions
- The dendrites receive info from other neurons
- The axons conduct information via action potentials
- Glial cells support the neurons
- Structural, metabolic and functional support
o Nutrient transport
o NGF repair
o Isolation axons
o Controls composition extracellular fluid
Anatomy
- Dendrites
- Nucleus
- Myelin sheaths
- Axon
- Synaptic cleft
- Vesicles neurotransmitters
- Neuroglia
o Microglia = defense
o Astrocyte = support/nutrition
o Oligodendrocytes = insulation
,Axon is surrounded by major and minor dense lines with spaces in between called the paranodal
pockets. Oligodendrocytes are connected to the axons by pedicles. The outer layer of the axon Is
called the cytoplasmic flange
- CNS
o Brain → gyri and sulci, sulci are the folds
o Spinal cord
- PNS
o Cranial nerve
o Spinal nerve
- Brain is protected by skull
- CNS in skull and vertebral column
- Functions:
o Perception, movement, learning memory, personality, emotions behaviour,
consciousness, language
- Most of neurons are interneurons
,- Afferent/ sensory input → interneurons → efferent/motor output
- Neo cortex contains of 6 neuron layers
- Light part is white matter
o Fibre tracts
- Dark is grey matter/ cortex/ nuclei
o Nucleus = group of cell bodies
- Basal ganglia → initiation and organization of motor movements
Of the butterfly → upper is posterior, middle is lateral, lower is anterior
• Above arrow is spinal cord with grey matter = canalis centralis
• Lower arrow is white matter, located peripherally and contains ascending and
descending fibre tracts
, - Embryological development → neural plate fold tube from the surface = ectoderm
- Eventually neural tube closes → when it goes wrong with closing a spina bifida can happen
- On the side of the neural tube cavity, the neuroepithelial cells move and change in the
different cells (neuroblast, neurons, glioblast, radial glia, ependymal cell via mitosis
From marginal layer, to mantle zone to ependymal zone/ ventricular layer
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller kimbijl. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $6.15. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
78462 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now