Art & Science of Therapeutic Relationships Answer art = nurses' intuitive thinking
processes about the nature of health from the patient's perspective influenced by the
nurse's life knowledge and professional experiences with other patients consider to
combine knowledge and experience with scientific understandings to provide safe,
quality care
Theory and Therapeutic Relationship Answer Peplau's Interpersonal Nursing Theory
- provide the knowledge base for nurses to engage with and develop TNCR
- inform person centred nursing practice.
Communication and Relating Practice - Response - to be in relation to others
- to take the initiative in relationships regarding their formation and nurturing
- responsiveness to others is essential to human communication
- conscious participation with clients guides and informs
- Authenticity
- Mutuality
Skills of Conscious Participation - Answer listening, questioning, EMPATHY, reciprocity,
self-awareness, reflection and a sensitivity to emotional contexts
aspects of AUTHENTICITY - Answer Being spontaneous, genuine and honest when
communicating
Mutuality - Answer respect for each other's autonomy
Therapeutic Communication techniques - Answer - active listening
- sharing observations
, - sharing empathy, hope, feelings
- sharing humour
- using silence
- providing info
- clarifying, focusing, paraphrasing
- asking relevant questions & summarizing
- self disclosure
Non-Therapeutic Communication - Response - asking personal questions
- giving personal opinions
- changing subject
- automatic responses
- sympathy vs. empathy
- asking for explanations
- approval or disapproval
- defensive responses
- passive aggressive responses
- arguing
Ways of Knowing - Response - The justification for practice
- to provide appropriate care, to be safe, effective and individualised
- Carper (1978) was the first to identify four ways in which nurses come to "know"
- Chinn & Kramer, 2011 discovered socio-political and economic ways of knowing, and
termed this as emancipatory knowing
Ethical Knowing - Response- deals with issues of right & wrong moral decisions
- leads practice of nurses --> concern for standards
- does not decide on what to be done yet provides understanding
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