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NDAEB PREP EXAM with complete solutions 2024_2025
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NDAEB PREP EXAM with complete solutions 2024_2025
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NDAEB PREP EXAM with completesolutions 2024/2025
Aerobes - ANSWER-Bacteria that require oxygen to grow
Anaerobes (AN-uh-roebz) - ANSWER-Bacteria that grow in the absence of oxygen
Bacilli (singular,bacillus) - ANSWER-Rod shaped bacteria that cause tuberculosis
and other diseases
Candida - ANSWER-A yeast commonly found in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal
tract, and female genital tract and sometimes in skin
Chancre - ANSWER-Painless ulcerating sore
Cocci - ANSWER-Spherical bacteria cells that reproduce by dividing into two
Endospores - ANSWER-A resistant, dormant structure formed inside of some
bacteria that can withstand adverse conditions
Gram negative - ANSWER-Classification of bacteria that do not hold a dye stain
under a microscope
Gram positive - ANSWER-Classification of bacteria that hold a dye stain and
appear dark purple under a microscpoe
Grams stain - ANSWER-Four step staining process developed by Hans Christian
Gram and used to separate bacteria into groups
,Herpesvirus - ANSWER-Virus that causes infections in humans, such as herpes,
cytomegalovirus, chicken pox, shingles, mononucleosis, measles
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus - ANSWER-Type of staph infection
that is resistant to several common antibiotics
Percutaneous - ANSWER-Through the skin such as a needle stick, a cut, or a
human bite
Spirochetes - ANSWER-Spiral shaped bacteria
Virus - ANSWER-Ultramicroscopic infectious agents that contain DNA or RNA
Hepatitis
(Source of Virus, Route of Transmission, Prevention) - ANSWER-A- Fecal oral, No
Vaccine
B-Blood and body fluids, Percutaneous and mucosal tissues, Yes Immunization
C-Blood and body fluids, Percutaneous and mucosal tissues, Preform bold donor
screening, modify risky behaviour
D-Blood and body fluids, Percutaneous and mucosal tissues, HBV vaccine
E-Fecal oral, Ensure safe drinking water
Symptoms of Hepatitis A,B,C - ANSWER-Fatigue, loss of appetite, Nausea,
abdominal discomfort, dark urine, clay coloured bowel movements, yellowing of
the skin (jaundice)
Herpes.
Type 1
Type 2
Herpes zoster virus (HZV) - ANSWER-Type 1- causes primarily oral lesions
Type 2- causes primarily genital lesions
HZV- causes shingles, and chicken pox
Syphilis - ANSWER-STD caused by Treponema palladium spirochetes.
1st stage-Presence of painless chancre (infectious on contact).
,2nd stage-Comes an open sore (infectious). signs are split papule at the corners
of the mouth, Greyish-white moist mucous patches on the tongue, roof of mouth,
tonsils or inner surfaces of the lips.
3rd stage- latent syphilis is usually fatal and may occur after the disease has
been dominant for 20 years.
Acute infection - ANSWER-infection of short duration that is often severe
Chronic infection - ANSWER-A infection of long duration
Droplet infection - ANSWER-An infection occurs through musical surfaces of the
eyes, nose or mouth
Indirect contact - ANSWER-Touching or contact with a contaminated surface or
instrument
Latent Infection - ANSWER-Persistant infection with recurrent symptoms that
come and go
Chain of infection - ANSWER-1) Infectious agent
2) Reservoir
3) Portal of exit
4) Mode of transmission
5) Portal of entry
6) Susceptible host
Antiseptic - ANSWER-Used for antimicrobial (organism killing) agents that are
applied to living tissue
Disinfectant - ANSWER-Are chemicals that destroy or inactivate most species of
pathogenic (disease causing) microorganisms
7 Steps in Reprocessing instruments - ANSWER-1) Transport
2) Cleaning
3) Packaging
4) Sterilization
5) Storage
, 6) Delivery
7) Quality
Critical instruments - ANSWER-Touch bone or penetrate soft tissue
Semi Critical instruments - ANSWER-Touch mucous membrane but will not touch
bone or penetrate soft tissue
Non Critical instruments - ANSWER-Contact only with intact skin
American Dental Assistants Association (ADAA) - ANSWER-The professional
organization of dental assistants in the United States.
American Dental Association (ADA) - ANSWER-Profesional organization for
dentists
ADHA - ANSWER-Organization for Hygienists
Centres or Disease and Control Prevention (CDC) - ANSWER-Federal agency that
is non regulatory and that issues recommendation on heath and safety
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - ANSWER-Responsible for protecting
and restoring the environment and public health through environment laws
Food and Drug Admin (FDA) - ANSWER-Regulates food,drugs, medical devices.
NIOSH - ANSWER-Non regulatory and provides national and worldwide
leadership to prevent work related illness and injuries
OSHA - ANSWER-inspections may occur when employee or patient complain is
made, randomly in an office over 11 employees, upon request of the DDS
Carpel Tunnel Syndrome - ANSWER-Pain associated with continued flexion and
extension of the wrist
Cumulative Trauma disorders (CTD) - ANSWER-Painful condition that results
from ongoing stresses to muscles, tendons, nerves, and joints
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