,1. Which of the following is the highest level of evidence in
the hierarchy of evidence-based practice?
a) Case-Control Studies
b) Cochrane Reviews
c) Randomized Controlled Trials
d) Expert Opinion
Answer: b) Cochrane Reviews
Rationale: Cochrane Reviews synthesize evidence from
multiple studies and are considered the gold standard for
evidence-based practice.
2. A nurse is implementing a new protocol for pain
management based on evidence from recent studies. This
type of change is primarily an example of:
a) Practice Variations
b) Evidence-based practice
c) Institutional Policy
d) Clinical Judgment
Answer: b) Evidence-based practice
Rationale: This change is guided by evidence from the
literature, which exemplifies evidence-based practice.
, 4. In EBP, a systematic review is primarily used to:
a) Generate new data
b) Analyze a single study
c) Provide a summary of multiple studies
d) Confirm expert opinions
Answer: c) Provide a summary of multiple studies
Rationale: Systematic reviews collate and summarize
findings from various studies, offering comprehensive
insights.
5. The PICO(T) framework is useful for:
a) Evaluating ethical dilemmas
b) Formulating clinical questions
c) Conducting financial analyses
d) Documenting patient care
Answer: b) Formulating clinical questions
Rationale: PICO(T) stands for Patient, Intervention,
Comparison, Outcome, and Time, and aids in structuring
research questions.
### Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
6. The concept of __________ refers to the integration of
the best available evidence with clinical expertise and
patient values.
Answer: evidence-based practice
Rationale: Evidence-based practice combines research
evidence, clinical experience, and patient preferences.
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