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Exam (elaborations)

Intro to Statistics (Final exam) – Q’s and A’s

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  • Course
  • Intro to Statistics
  • Institution
  • Intro To Statistics

Intro to Statistics (Final exam) – Q’s and A’s

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  • October 1, 2024
  • 2
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Intro to Statistics
  • Intro to Statistics
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Nursephil2023
Intro to Statistics (Final exam) – Q’s and
A’s
p-value - - the probability, when the null hypothesis is true, of obtaining a
statistic as extreme as (or more extreme than) the observed statistic

- smaller p-value - - stronger the statistical evidence is against the null
hypothesis and in favor of the alternative

- randomized distribution - - 1. simulate many samples using a random
process that matches the way the original data were collected and that
assumes the null hypothesis is true
2. collect the values of a sample statistic for each sample to create a
randomized distribution
3. asses the significance of the regional sample by determining where its
sample statistic lies in the randomized sample

- reject the null hypothesis - - -if a statistic is unlikely to have occurred
when the null hypothesis is true
-if the p-value is less than the significant level

- do not reject the null hypothesis - - -if a statistic is not unlikely to have
occurred when the null hypothesis is true
-if the p-value is greater t Han or equal to the significant level

- significant level - - -a boundary below which we conclude that a p-value
shows statistically significant evidence against the null hypothesis
-represents the tolerable probability of making a Type I error

- common significant levels - - 1. 0.05
2. 0.01
3. 0.10

- how do we decide on a significant level - - -many research area have a
standard accepted values of significant levels for their field
-researchers are allowed to choose a significant level based on what makes
the most sense for their participation situation
-important to choose the signifiant level for the experiment

- Errors: null hypothesis is true and not rejected - - type I error

- errors: null hypothesis is true and is not rejected - - no error

- error: null hypothesis is false and rejected - - no error

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