PSYC NR 547 ACTUAL EXAM LATEST 2024/2025 QUESTION AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED A++
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Course
NR 547
Institution
NR 547
PSYC NR 547 ACTUAL EXAM LATEST 2024/2025 QUESTION AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED A++
PSYC NR 547 ACTUAL EXAM LATEST 2024/2025 QUESTION AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED A++
PSYC NR 547 ACTUAL EXAM LATEST 2024/2025 QUESTION AND
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED A++
psychosis - ANSWER disruptions in thoughts and perceptions leading to a
disconnection from reality
-symptoms may include abnormal behaviors and sensations, including
catatonic behavior
-may be acute or chronic
-Although psychosis is categorized as a psychiatric disorder, it commonly
occurs as a secondary condition due to underlying endocrine, vascular,
immunologic, or metabolic problems
-Drugs, other substances, or other psychiatric conditions such as
depression or mania may also cause symptoms
Psychosis: Clinical Presentation - ANSWER divided into several clinical
domains
-positive
• occur when clients experience things in addition to reality
• hearing voices or seeing things that are not there
-negative
• involve a loss of something
• loss of ability to experience pleasure or loss of motivation
-cognitive
• disorganization in thoughts, memories, focus, or attention
-affective
• the client's feelings and emotions
-motor
• may include abnormalities in gait, balance, and coordination, irregular
muscle contractions, or tremors
Hallucinations: - ANSWER perceptual experiences in the absence of
external stimuli
-Auditory
• may include command hallucinations
-Visual
-Tactile: feeling sensations in the body in the absence of stimuli
-Olfactory: smelling things that are not there
-Gustatory: tasting things that are not there
Delusions: - ANSWER fixed false, irrational beliefs
-persecution: delusions r/t being threatened, victimized, or spied on
-reference: delusions r/t receiving personal messages from tv, radio, or
actions of others
-somatic: delusions r/t the body, including illness or the presence of foreign
objects
,• may believe there are objects in their body (may think they are infested
with insects.)
-grandeur: delusions r/t beliefs of special abilities or powers
-control: delusions that actions & thoughts are controlled by others
Symptoms of Psychosis: Thought Disorder - ANSWER impairment in the
process of thinking and difficulty organizing thoughts in a logical pattern.
-incoherent speech
-loose associations
-meaningless words
-perseveration
Symptoms of Psychosis: Disorganized Behavior - ANSWER disordered or
impaired behavior or communication
-childlike silliness
-unpredictable agitation
-inappropriate clothing for the weather
-poor hygiene
schizophrenia is a diagnosis commonly associated with __________ -
ANSWER psychosis
psychosis neurobiological factors: genetics - ANSWER -Many genes play a
role in the likelihood that an individual will develop schizophrenia as do
epigenetic factors
• Heritability for schizophrenia may be as high as 79%
• links gene-environment interaction to the diagnosis of schizophrenia
psychosis neurobiological factors: Environmental Triggers - ANSWER
Regular Cannabis Use
Exposure to Early Life Trauma
-Sexual Abuse
-Emotional Abuse
-Emotional Neglect
-Bullying
psychosis neurobiological factors: Neuroanatomy
, Several areas of the brain are associated with the symptoms of
schizophrenia. When brain circuitry in the prefrontal cortex malfunctions,
patients may experience symptoms.
Match the brain area with malfunctioning circuitry with the symptoms
produced:
Area of brain:
Mesocortical and ventromedial prefrontal cortex
Dorsolateral
Orbitofrontal and connections to the amygdala
Symptoms:
aggressive, impulsive symptoms
negative and affective symptoms
cognitive symptoms - ANSWER Mesocortical and ventromedial prefrontal
cortex: negative and affective symptoms
Dorsolateral: cognitive symptoms
Orbitofrontal and connections to the amygdala: aggressive, impulsive
symptoms
psychosis neurobiological factors: Neural networks - ANSWER Dopamine
pathways explain the positive and negative symptoms seen in
schizophrenia and psychosis
-as well as the side effects associated with antipsychotic medications
psychosis neurobiological factors: Neural signaling - ANSWER Dopamine
Role in Psychosis
-leading hypothesis is that psychosis and schizophrenia are associated
with a dysfunction of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA)
• Traditionally, schizophrenia and psychosis symptoms have been
associated with a surplus of dopamine, since medications that block
dopamine, specifically D2, have been found to reduce the positive
symptoms of schizophrenia
-schizophrenia symptoms are related to "out of tune" dopamine
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