SCSU PSY219 Final Exam
What is adolescence? - correct answer ✔✔The period of life between ages of 11 and 18, where puberty
happens
When does puberty usually begin? - correct answer ✔✔Between the ages of 8 and 14, but usually
around age 11
What causes puberty? - correct answer ✔✔A response to a chain reaction of hormones from the
hypothalamus to the pituitary to the adrenal and sex glands
What affects the onset of puberty? - correct answer ✔✔Genes, body fat, hormones, and stress
How does growth happen during puberty? - correct answer ✔✔Growth proceeds from the extremities
to the center, so the limbs grow before the internal organs do
Which minerals are the most common to not be consumed by adolescents? - correct answer ✔✔Iron
and calcium
How does the brain develop during adolescence? - correct answer ✔✔The brain develops unevenly; the
limbic system ahead of the prefrontal cortex. As a result adolescents are quick to react, before having
second thoughts or considering consequences
What are the positives of not having impulse control? - correct answer ✔✔Adolescents fall in love,
throw themselves into work or study, and question social traditions that are no longer relevant
What are the negatives of not having impulse control? - correct answer ✔✔Anger can lead to hurtful
words or even serious injury, lust can lead to disease or pregnancy, self-hatred can lead to self-
destruction
,What is puberty? - correct answer ✔✔The various changes that transform a child's body into an adult
one
What is the HPA axis? - correct answer ✔✔Hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands
What affects the time someone goes through puberty? - correct answer ✔✔• Sex
• Genetic background
• Body fat
• Level of stress
What is a growth spurt? - correct answer ✔✔An acceleration of growth in every part of the body. Peak
weight usually pasts peak height, which is then followed by peak muscle growth
What happens during puberty to an adolescent? - correct answer ✔✔• Thinking reaches heightened
self-consciousness
• Adolescents become egocentric (they often feel invincible, unique, and the center of attention)
• Piaget's fourth and final stage (Formal Operational) begins
What is Piaget's Formal Operational stage? - correct answer ✔✔He found that adolescents' deductive
logic and hypothetical reasoning improves
What are the two modes of cognition? - correct answer ✔✔Intuitive thought and analytical thought
What is intuitive thinking? - correct answer ✔✔Thoughts that arise from an emotion or hunch, beyond
rational explanation, and is influenced by past experiences and cultural assumptions
What is analytical thinking? - correct answer ✔✔Thoughts that result from analysis, such as a systematic
ranking of pros and cons, risks and consequences, possibilities and facts; depends on logic and rationality
What does having sex too early lead to? - correct answer ✔✔Drug use, depression, and STIs are more
common
, What are the positive aspects of technology in adolescent cognition? - correct answer ✔✔A computer is
a tool for learning, and online connections promote social outreach and reduce isolation
What are the negative aspects of technology in adolescent cognition? - correct answer ✔✔•
Cyberbullying
• Sexting
• Video game addiction
Can interfere with education and friendship rather than enhance them
What is personal fabel? - correct answer ✔✔The belief that one is unique, destined to have a heroic,
fabled, and/or legendary life
What is invincibility fable? - correct answer ✔✔The idea that death will not occur unless destiny allows
it, and there for fast driving, unprotected sex, or addictive drugs will do no harm
What is imaginary audience? - correct answer ✔✔Adolescents believe that they are at center stage and
that everyone is taking note their appearance, ideas, and behavior; making many teenagers self-
conscious
What is hypothetical thought? - correct answer ✔✔Reasoning about if-then propositions that do not
reflect reality
What is deductive reasoning? - correct answer ✔✔Also known as top-down reasoning, reasoning from a
general statement, premise, or principle, through logical steps, to figure out specifics
What is inductive reasoning? - correct answer ✔✔Also known as bottom-up reasoning, reasoning from
one or more specific experiences or facts to reach a general conclusion
What was Erikson's fifth psychosocial crisis? - correct answer ✔✔Identity versus role confusion; was
when adolescence was characterized as a time to search for a personal identity in order to reach identity
achievement by adulthood
What is adolescence? - correct answer ✔✔The period of life between ages of 11 and 18, where puberty
happens
When does puberty usually begin? - correct answer ✔✔Between the ages of 8 and 14, but usually
around age 11
What causes puberty? - correct answer ✔✔A response to a chain reaction of hormones from the
hypothalamus to the pituitary to the adrenal and sex glands
What affects the onset of puberty? - correct answer ✔✔Genes, body fat, hormones, and stress
How does growth happen during puberty? - correct answer ✔✔Growth proceeds from the extremities
to the center, so the limbs grow before the internal organs do
Which minerals are the most common to not be consumed by adolescents? - correct answer ✔✔Iron
and calcium
How does the brain develop during adolescence? - correct answer ✔✔The brain develops unevenly; the
limbic system ahead of the prefrontal cortex. As a result adolescents are quick to react, before having
second thoughts or considering consequences
What are the positives of not having impulse control? - correct answer ✔✔Adolescents fall in love,
throw themselves into work or study, and question social traditions that are no longer relevant
What are the negatives of not having impulse control? - correct answer ✔✔Anger can lead to hurtful
words or even serious injury, lust can lead to disease or pregnancy, self-hatred can lead to self-
destruction
,What is puberty? - correct answer ✔✔The various changes that transform a child's body into an adult
one
What is the HPA axis? - correct answer ✔✔Hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands
What affects the time someone goes through puberty? - correct answer ✔✔• Sex
• Genetic background
• Body fat
• Level of stress
What is a growth spurt? - correct answer ✔✔An acceleration of growth in every part of the body. Peak
weight usually pasts peak height, which is then followed by peak muscle growth
What happens during puberty to an adolescent? - correct answer ✔✔• Thinking reaches heightened
self-consciousness
• Adolescents become egocentric (they often feel invincible, unique, and the center of attention)
• Piaget's fourth and final stage (Formal Operational) begins
What is Piaget's Formal Operational stage? - correct answer ✔✔He found that adolescents' deductive
logic and hypothetical reasoning improves
What are the two modes of cognition? - correct answer ✔✔Intuitive thought and analytical thought
What is intuitive thinking? - correct answer ✔✔Thoughts that arise from an emotion or hunch, beyond
rational explanation, and is influenced by past experiences and cultural assumptions
What is analytical thinking? - correct answer ✔✔Thoughts that result from analysis, such as a systematic
ranking of pros and cons, risks and consequences, possibilities and facts; depends on logic and rationality
What does having sex too early lead to? - correct answer ✔✔Drug use, depression, and STIs are more
common
, What are the positive aspects of technology in adolescent cognition? - correct answer ✔✔A computer is
a tool for learning, and online connections promote social outreach and reduce isolation
What are the negative aspects of technology in adolescent cognition? - correct answer ✔✔•
Cyberbullying
• Sexting
• Video game addiction
Can interfere with education and friendship rather than enhance them
What is personal fabel? - correct answer ✔✔The belief that one is unique, destined to have a heroic,
fabled, and/or legendary life
What is invincibility fable? - correct answer ✔✔The idea that death will not occur unless destiny allows
it, and there for fast driving, unprotected sex, or addictive drugs will do no harm
What is imaginary audience? - correct answer ✔✔Adolescents believe that they are at center stage and
that everyone is taking note their appearance, ideas, and behavior; making many teenagers self-
conscious
What is hypothetical thought? - correct answer ✔✔Reasoning about if-then propositions that do not
reflect reality
What is deductive reasoning? - correct answer ✔✔Also known as top-down reasoning, reasoning from a
general statement, premise, or principle, through logical steps, to figure out specifics
What is inductive reasoning? - correct answer ✔✔Also known as bottom-up reasoning, reasoning from
one or more specific experiences or facts to reach a general conclusion
What was Erikson's fifth psychosocial crisis? - correct answer ✔✔Identity versus role confusion; was
when adolescence was characterized as a time to search for a personal identity in order to reach identity
achievement by adulthood
