Exam (elaborations)
ABSITE TRUELEARN QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
- Course
- Institution
ABSITE TRUELEARN QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
[Show more]
Content preview
ABSITE TRUELEARN QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSAortic Injury
- MC Location in Blunt Trauma
- MC Location in Penetrating Trauma
- Which is worse? - Answers-- MC Location in Blunt Trauma = Isthmus
- MC Location in Penetrating Trauma = Infra-renal aorta (+IVC)
- Which is worse?: suprarenal injuries, so generally blunt
MCCOD in Blunt Trauma - Answers-Brain Injury
EGD Findings a/w increase ulcer re-bleeding (3) - Answers-1. Active Bleeding / Oozing
2. Visible Vessel
3. Adherent Clot
DDx Inguinal Ulcer/Lesion (3) - Answers-1. Hidratenitis: affects apocrine (axilla/inguinal)
glands, represents chronic infection of gland
2. Granuloma Inguinale: only inguinal, think 3rd world
3. Lymphogranulosum Venerum: inguinal, think STI
Glomus Tumor
- Define
- Presentation Triad
- Two Key Signs
- Treatment - Answers-- Define: sub-ungal AV fistula
- Presentation Triad: pain, cold insensitivity, tenderness on palpation
- Two Key Signs
1. Love's = point tenderness
2. Hildreth's = relief with insufflation
- Treatment: surgery
Inguinal Hernia
- Recurrence with/without mesh
- Risk of incarceration each year - Answers-- Recurrence with/without mesh = 5 vs. 20%
- Risk of incarceration each year = 0.18%/year
Procidentia
- Etiology (2)
- Recognizing full vs. mucosal prolapse
- Definitive Test
- 3 Treatments + Description - Answers-- Etiology (2)
,1. Pudendal nerve injury
2. Laxity of anal sphincter
- Recognizing full vs. mucosal prolapse
1. Full = circular folds
2. Mucosal = linear folds
- Definitive Test = defecating proctogram
- 3 Treatments + Description
1. Transanal Excision = Altemier (incision 2cm above dentate line to open peritoneum,
then tack peritoneum at level to puborectalis)
2. Delorme (ideal of older patients): Mucosal excision + muscular plication
3. LAR with Sigmoid Pexy
Biliary Dyskinesia
- When to suspect?
- Describe method
- Treatment - Answers-- When to suspect?
Signs/symptoms of biliary colic with negative USG, CT, ERCP
- Describe method
Gallbladder gets filled with Tc99, infuse CCK. If EF <35% at 20min = diagnosis
- Treatment = lap chole
Injecting dye before WLE melanoma/breast:
- When to inject?
- Where to inject (layer of skin)?
- Why not inject after WLE? - Answers-- When to inject? hours before procedure
- Where to inject (layer of skin)? dermis, where lymphatics are
- Why not inject after WLE? b/c WLE disrupts the lymphatic pathways
Post-Hemorrhoidectomy Bleeding Etiologies/Mgmt
- Early (<24hrs)
- Late (>POD5) - Answers-- Early (<24hrs): likely to be surgical error, needs evaluation
- Late (>POD5): likely to be eschar from surgery falling off, no intervention
Esophageal CA Review
- Why so malignant (aka how do they spread?)
- Test to Diagnose?
- Test to determine resection?
- CI to Resection (3)
,- SCC vs. Adeno: prevalence, etiology, location/mets
- Tx
1. Chemo/XRT Options (2)
2. Surgeries (4) all of which require _____
3. Endoscopic Option for ____
4. Complications (2) + Treatment - Answers-- Why so malignant (aka how do they
spread?)
Through submucosal lymphatic channels
- Test to Diagnose? Esophagram
- Test to determine resection? CT Chest/Abd
- CI to Resection (3)
1. Invasion of nerves (hoarse RLN, Horners Brachial Plexus, or Phrenic Nerve)
2. Visceral Invasion (airway, vertebra, malignant effusion)
3. +Nodal Base (widely mets)
- SCC vs. Adeno: prevalence, etiology, location/mets
1. Adeno: MCC, lower esophagus associated with GERD/Achalasia, mets to liver
2. SCC: evenly divided, a/w smoking, ETOH, mets to lung
- Tx
1. Chemo/XRT Options (2): 5FU + Cisplatin
2. Surgeries (4) all of which require pyloromyotomy
- Transhiatal: cervical anastamosis, gastric complications
- Ivor Lewis: thoraco anastomosis, thoracic complications
- 3 Hole: 3 incisions neck, thorax, abdomen
- Colonic interposition: 3 anastamosis
3. Endoscopic Option for mucosal disease <2cm
4. Complications (2) + Treatment
- Stricture = dilation
- Fistula to airway = aspiration, palliatve stent
What hormone is NOT released during stress? - Answers-TSH
Pros/Cons of Burn Care
1. Silvadene
2. Silver Nitrate
3. Sulfamylon - Answers-1. Silvadene: good for cartilagenous areas (face/ears), causes
leukopenia
2. Silver Nitrate: good for large burns, but very concentrated and quenches cells leading
to hypoNa and hypoCl; also can cause methemoglobinemia
, 3. Sulfamylon: good for penetrating wounds, but painful and CA inhibitor so causes
metabolic acidosis
Lumbar Hernia
- Boundaries
- Primary vs. Secondary
- Causes
- When to repair? - Answers-- Boundaries: 12th rib, EOM, iliac crest
- Primary vs. Secondary
1. Primary: true hernia
2. Secondary: denervation injury
- Causes: surgical trauma (kidney operations)
- When to repair?: repair PRIMARY if large and symptomatic
Esophageal Leiomyoma
- MC ____ of the esophagus
- Location within esophageal wall (review layers)
- Location along esophagus
- Dx (2)
- Biopsy?
- When/how to treat? - Answers-- MC benign tumor of the esophagus
- Location within esophageal wall (review layers)
Occurs in muscularis b/c this is MESECNHYMAL tumor (mucosa --> submucosa -->
muscular propria...NO SEROSA)
- Location along esophagus: lower 2/3 where the SMOOTH MUSCLES are
- Dx (2): Esophagram --> CT to r/o CA
- Biopsy? NEVER; causes fibrotic tissue that makes treatment very hard
- When/how to treat? excision (ENUCLEATION) with right thoracotomy (if high
upper/mid esophagus) or left thoracotomy (if low esophagus or GEJ) for those that are
SYMPTOMATIC or >5cm
Pancreatic Divisum
- Gold standard diagnosis
- First line treatment
- If first line fails... - Answers-- Gold standard diagnosis: ERCP
- First line treatment: minor papillotomy with duct stenting
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller GEEKA. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82871 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now