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NUR 160 Hondros Exam Study Guide.
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NUR 160 Hondros Exam Study Guide. Normal pH levels - answer7.35-7.45 Normal PaCO2 levels - answer35-45 Normal HCO3 levels - answer22-26 Normal Potassium levels - answer3.5-5.5 Normal Chloride levels - answer98-106 Normal Sodium levels - answer135-145 Normal Blood Glucose levels - answer70-11...

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  • October 1, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • nur 160 hondros exam study guide

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NUR 160 Hondros Exam Study Guide.


Normal pH levels - answer✔7.35-7.45

Normal PaCO2 levels - answer✔35-45

Normal HCO3 levels - answer✔22-26

Normal Potassium levels - answer✔3.5-5.5

Normal Chloride levels - answer✔98-106

Normal Sodium levels - answer✔135-145

Normal Blood Glucose levels - answer✔70-110

Metabolic Acidosis - answer✔Headache, disorientation, hyperkalemia, muscle twitching,
changes in loss of consciousness, Kussmaul respirations, lower pH, lower HCO3

Metabolic Alkalosis - answer✔Restlessness followed by lethargy, dysrhythmias, compensatory
hypoventilation, confusion, nausea and vomiting, slow respirations, hypokalemia, diarrhea,
higher pH, higher HCO3

COPD - answer✔Umbrella term; Chronic bronchitis and chronic emphesema

Causes of Respiratory Acidosis - answer✔Compromise in any of the 3 essential parts of
breathing; ventilation, perfusion, or diffusion, COPD, Pneumonia, respiratory failure, atelectasis,
barbituate or sedative overdose, paralysis of respiratory muscles, traumatic injury to the thorax,
obesity, airway obstruction, head injuries, stroke, drowning, cystic fibrosis

Causes of Respiratory Alkalosis - answer✔Hyperventilation, anemia, hypermetabolic states,
disorders of the CNS, drugs, asthma, pneumonia, inappropriate mechanical ventilator settings

Causes of Metabolic Acidosis - answer✔Starvation, dehydration, diabetic ketoacidosis, lactic
acidosis, renal failure, shock, severe diarrhea, drugs, renal tubular acidosis

Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - answer✔Excessive vomiting, prolonged gastric suctioning,
electrolyte disturbance, cushing's disease, drugs, overdose of baking soda, excessive use of
antacids such as Mylanta, hyperaldosteronism

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