NUR 8022 Intro to Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Exam Questions With Solved Solutions.
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Course
NURS 8022
Institution
NURS 8022
Electrolytes - Answer -Inorganic ions in the protoplasm are electrolytes
-Most common electrolytes in the body are Na+, K+, and Cl-
Internal Environment - Answer -60% of the body is fluid
-Mostly inside the cells (ICF)
-Contains ions and nutrients to sustain life
-inorganic: ions: Na+...
NUR 8022 Intro to Advanced Physiology
and Pathophysiology Exam Questions
With Solved Solutions.
Electrolytes - Answer -Inorganic ions in the protoplasm are electrolytes
-Most common electrolytes in the body are Na+, K+, and Cl-
Internal Environment - Answer -60% of the body is fluid
-Mostly inside the cells (ICF)
-Contains ions and nutrients to sustain life
-inorganic: ions: Na+, K+, Cl-
-organic: proteins, lipids, carbs
-Proper concentrations of O2, glucose, different ions, AA, fatty substances, and other constituents in this
environment essential to cell viability
ECF - Answer -Na+, Cl-, HCO3-
-Nutrients = O2, glucose, fatty acids, and AA
-Waste products for excretion (CO2)
-Membranes maintain concentration balance (Na+ on the outside, K+ on inside)
ICF - Answer -K+, Mag, Phosphate ions
Homeostasis - Answer -"Maintenance of nearly constant conditions in the internal environment"
-All organs and tissues involved
EX: kidneys maintain ion concentrations,
respiratory-- O2 and excretion of CO2
-Control systems control ICF and ECF functions
EX: regulation of O2 and CO2
, Negative Feedback - Answer promotes stability; most of the time it's a good thing. Promotes
homeostasis. End result is different than initiating stimulus
EX: hyperglycemia- pancreas will release insulin---> takes glucose back into the cells---> decreases blood
glucose level
*started with elevated BGL, ended with decrease BGL
Positive Feedback - Answer promotes change in one direction; initiating trigger is made worse.
Proteins in Cell Membrane - Answer -provide selectivity to a membrane
-defined by mode of association with the lipid bilayer
-integral: channels, pores, carriers, enzymes, receptors, second messengers (transmembrane proteins-
extend the width of lipid bilayer)
-peripheral: enzymes, intracellular signal mediators
Cell Membrane Composition - Answer -lipid bilayer
-hydrophilic (charged) head
-hydrophobic tail (not charged)
Carbohydrates (Cell Membrane) - Answer -negative charge of carbo chains repels other negative
charges
-involved in cell-cell attachments/interactions (other cells stick to each other)
-play a role in immune reactions
-receptors for binding hormones ( like insulin)
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