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NURS 1220 Week 3 Exam Questions And 100% Correct Answers
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NURS 1220 Week 3 Exam Questions And100% Correct Answers
Acid: -Answer A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.
Base/alkaline: -Answer substances that binds free hydrogen ions in solutions and lowers
the amount of free hydrogen in the solution
Buffers: -Answer substances that help keep body pH normal levels
pH: -Answer measurement of the free hydrogen ions in the body (goal 7.35-7.45)
Acid-base balance: - Answer The process of maintaining the pH, and the concentration
of bicarbonate in the partial pressure of CO2 in body fluids
Two processes that operate to maintain a constant level of hydrogen ions in the body: -
Answer metabolic processes through the kidneys
the respiratory processes through the lungs
Changes in acid-base balance can affect many activities of the human body, which
include the following: - Answershape & function of hormones & enzymes
-fluid & electrolyte balance
-excitability of membranes
-effectiveness of many drugs
Control mechanisms are - Answers the kidneys and lungs
, Respiratory/lungs: - Answer If the chemical buffers are not able to prevent an alteration
in blood pH levels, then respiratory system is the second line defense
What would be the first line of defense in the body to correct any fluctuations in
acid-base balance? Buffers
As the level of CO2 rises above normal level what occurs in the body? The body begins
to increase the rate and depth of breathing-causing a pt to hyperventilate causing the
level of CO2 to reduce
As CO2 levels fall below normal level what occurs in the body? -Answer the body has the
tendency to reduce the rate and depth of breathing-causing a pt to hypo ventilate
causing the level of CO2 to rise
When chemical buffers in the respiratory system cannot prevent changes in the blood
pH, - Answer the metabolic system is the third of defense
Metabolic system: - Answer -more powerful for regulation
-kidneys control the quantity of bicarbonate that is reabsorbed and or excreted
-Renal system more powerful
-takes longer to turn on than chemical/respiratory systems
3 pathways that alter pH: - Answer -kidney handling of bicarbonate
-Production of acids ⇨ phosphate binds to hydrogen ions and can be excreted in the
urine
-production of ammonium ⇨ breakdown of proteins in the kidneys binds to hydrogen
ions and can be excreted in the urine
Acidosis: - Answer levels of acid in blood too high (<7.35)
Alkalosis: - Answer levels of alkaline basic fluids too high (>7.45)
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