mn 551 quiz 6 Patho questions and
answers
Which of the following measures would likely be rejected as part of a first-line weight loss plan for a patient
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
with a BMI of 30.2, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension? - (correct answer) -30 minutes or more of moderate-
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
intensity activity at least 3 days per week
I;,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
Calorie reduction by 500 to 1,000 kcal/day
I;,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
*****Gastric bypass
I;,
I;,
Prescription drug therapy I;, I;,
A nurse practitioner is providing care for a male patient with a long-standing hiatal hernia. Which of the
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
following statements most accurately captures an aspect of the pathophysiology of hiatal hernias? - (correct
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
answer) -An incompetent pyloric sphincter and high fat diet are commonly implicated in the development of
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
hiatal hernias.
I;,
I;,
I;,
*****If esophageal acid clearance is impaired, esophagitis can result.
I;,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
The root causes of hiatal hernias are normally treatable with medication.
I;,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
Paraesophageal hiatal hernias are common and are normally not treated if the patient is asymptomatic.
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
Which of the following patients is most clearly displaying the signs and symptoms of IBD? - (correct answer)
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
-A 24-year-old man who has a stressful job but whose diarrhea and cramping do not worsen during periods of
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
high stress.
I;,
I;,
I;,
A 44-year-old man who is under great financial stress and who states that his lower abdominal pain is much
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
worse at night than during the day.
I;,
I;,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
*****A 51-year-old male who states that his stomach pain is in his lower abdomen, "comes and goes," and
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
"feels more like a cramp than a dull ache."
I;,
I;,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
A 32-year-old mother who complains of intermittent abdominal pain that persists even after defecation.
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
While on tour, a 32-year-old male musician has presented to the emergency department of a hospital after a
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
concert complaining of severe and sudden abdominal pain. He admits to a history of copious alcohol use in
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
recent years, and his vital signs include a temperature of 38.8°C (101.8°F), blood pressure of 89/48 mm Hg,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
and heart rate of 116 beats per minute. Blood work indicates that his serum levels of C-reactive protein,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
amylase, and lipase are all elevated. Which of the following diagnoses would the care team first suspect? -
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
(correct answer) -*****Acute pancreatitis
I;,
I;,
I;, I;, I;,
Liver cirrhosis
I;,
I;,
Cholecystitis
I;,
Hepatitis C I;,
A 55-year-old man has been diagnosed with a hiatal hernia, in which the function of the lower esophageal
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
sphincter is compromised. Which of the following consequences of this condition is most likely? - (correct
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
answer) -Inappropriate release of gastric enzymes
I;,
I;,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
******Protrusion of the stomach or regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
Page 1 I;,I;,I;,i;li;li;li;li;li;l
, I;,
Impaired control of the gastric emptying rate
I;,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
Decreased absorption of ingested foods and fluids I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
The mother of a 19-week-old infant has brought her baby to a nurse practitioner for assessment because of the
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
baby's persistent weight loss and diarrhea. An intestinal biopsy has confirmed a diagnosis of celiac disease,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
and the child's mother is anxious to know what caused the disease. Which of the following aspects of the
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
etiology of celiac disease would underlie the explanation that the nurse practitioner provides? - (correct
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
answer) -Inability to process or absorb the fat content of breast milk results in malnutrition and deficiency of
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
fat-soluble vitamins.
I;,
I;,
I;,
Neurogenic or muscular inhibition of peristalsis results in inappropriate motility of ingested food in the lower
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
small intestine and the colon.
I;,
I;,
I;, I;, I;, I;,
*******An inappropriate T-cell mediated response results in increased levels of antibodies and an
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
inflammatory response.
I;,
I;,
I;,
Bacterial or chemical invasion of the peritoneum leads to decreased nutrient absorption and transport.
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
A female neonate has been in respiratory distress since delivery and is unresponsive to oxygen therapy.
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
Endoscopy has confirmed a diagnosis of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF). Which
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
of the following explanations should the care team provide to the infant's parents?
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
Question 7 options: - (correct answer) -The priority in our immediate treatment prior to her surgery will be
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
pain management, as the contents of her stomach can burn her lungs."
I;,
I;,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
"The biggest risk that will face your daughter until this is fixed is the danger of malnutrition and dehydration."
I;,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
"This problem will require respiratory therapy and supplementary feeding, but it will likely resolve itself over
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
time."
I;,
I;,
*******"We will have to perform surgery to correct the hole in her throat to make sure that she is able to
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
swallow and breathe normally."
I;, I;, I;, I;,
Question 8 (1 point) I;, I;, I;,
A 20-year-old male who is addicted to crystal methamphetamine has been admitted to the hospital with a
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
diagnosis of protein-calorie malnutrition after many months of inadequate food intake. Which of the
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
following treatment plans would the care team most likely favor? - (correct answer) -Rapid administration of
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
normal saline and carbohydrates
I;,
I;,
I;, I;, I;,
*****Incremental feeding combined with vitamin and mineral supplementation
I;,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
Total parenteral nutrition
I;,
I;, I;,
Intravenous infusion of albumin coupled with vitamin supplementation I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
A 20-year-old male college student has recently finished a Thanksgiving dinner of heroic proportions while
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
home for the holiday weekend. Which of the following phenomena would most likely have produced his
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
sensation of satiety? - (correct answer) -*****Cholecystokinin and glucagon-like peptide-1 suppress the
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
hunger impulse.
I;,
I;,
I;,
The breakdown of products of lipids such as ketoacids produces a decrease in appetite.
I;,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
Increased levels of leptin stimulate a decrease in appetite by way of the vagus nerve.
I;,
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
Stretch receptors in the stomach and small intestine signal the feeding center in the medulla.
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
A 40-year-old female has been categorized as being obese, with a BMI of 33.2. Which of the following health
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
problems is the patient at a significantly increased risk for compared with individuals with a BMI below 25? -
I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
(correct answer) -Cardiac arrhythmias
I;, I;, I;, I;,
Page 2 I;,I;,I;,i;li;li;li;li;li;l