mn 551 quiz 6 Patho questions and
answers
Which of the following measures would likely be rejected as part of a first-line weight loss plan for a patient
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with a BMI of 30.2, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension? - (correct answer) -30 minutes or more of moderate-
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intensity activity at least 3 days per week
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Calorie reduction by 500 to 1,000 kcal/day
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*****Gastric bypass
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Prescription drug therapy I;, I;,
A nurse practitioner is providing care for a male patient with a long-standing hiatal hernia. Which of the
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following statements most accurately captures an aspect of the pathophysiology of hiatal hernias? - (correct
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answer) -An incompetent pyloric sphincter and high fat diet are commonly implicated in the development of
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hiatal hernias.
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*****If esophageal acid clearance is impaired, esophagitis can result.
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The root causes of hiatal hernias are normally treatable with medication.
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Paraesophageal hiatal hernias are common and are normally not treated if the patient is asymptomatic.
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Which of the following patients is most clearly displaying the signs and symptoms of IBD? - (correct answer)
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-A 24-year-old man who has a stressful job but whose diarrhea and cramping do not worsen during periods of
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high stress.
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A 44-year-old man who is under great financial stress and who states that his lower abdominal pain is much
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worse at night than during the day.
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*****A 51-year-old male who states that his stomach pain is in his lower abdomen, "comes and goes," and
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"feels more like a cramp than a dull ache."
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A 32-year-old mother who complains of intermittent abdominal pain that persists even after defecation.
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While on tour, a 32-year-old male musician has presented to the emergency department of a hospital after a
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concert complaining of severe and sudden abdominal pain. He admits to a history of copious alcohol use in
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recent years, and his vital signs include a temperature of 38.8°C (101.8°F), blood pressure of 89/48 mm Hg,
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and heart rate of 116 beats per minute. Blood work indicates that his serum levels of C-reactive protein,
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amylase, and lipase are all elevated. Which of the following diagnoses would the care team first suspect? -
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(correct answer) -*****Acute pancreatitis
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Liver cirrhosis
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Cholecystitis
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Hepatitis C I;,
A 55-year-old man has been diagnosed with a hiatal hernia, in which the function of the lower esophageal
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sphincter is compromised. Which of the following consequences of this condition is most likely? - (correct
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answer) -Inappropriate release of gastric enzymes
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******Protrusion of the stomach or regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
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Impaired control of the gastric emptying rate
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Decreased absorption of ingested foods and fluids I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
The mother of a 19-week-old infant has brought her baby to a nurse practitioner for assessment because of the
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baby's persistent weight loss and diarrhea. An intestinal biopsy has confirmed a diagnosis of celiac disease,
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and the child's mother is anxious to know what caused the disease. Which of the following aspects of the
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etiology of celiac disease would underlie the explanation that the nurse practitioner provides? - (correct
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answer) -Inability to process or absorb the fat content of breast milk results in malnutrition and deficiency of
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fat-soluble vitamins.
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Neurogenic or muscular inhibition of peristalsis results in inappropriate motility of ingested food in the lower
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small intestine and the colon.
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*******An inappropriate T-cell mediated response results in increased levels of antibodies and an
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inflammatory response.
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Bacterial or chemical invasion of the peritoneum leads to decreased nutrient absorption and transport.
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A female neonate has been in respiratory distress since delivery and is unresponsive to oxygen therapy.
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Endoscopy has confirmed a diagnosis of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF). Which
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of the following explanations should the care team provide to the infant's parents?
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Question 7 options: - (correct answer) -The priority in our immediate treatment prior to her surgery will be
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pain management, as the contents of her stomach can burn her lungs."
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"The biggest risk that will face your daughter until this is fixed is the danger of malnutrition and dehydration."
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"This problem will require respiratory therapy and supplementary feeding, but it will likely resolve itself over
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time."
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*******"We will have to perform surgery to correct the hole in her throat to make sure that she is able to
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swallow and breathe normally."
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Question 8 (1 point) I;, I;, I;,
A 20-year-old male who is addicted to crystal methamphetamine has been admitted to the hospital with a
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diagnosis of protein-calorie malnutrition after many months of inadequate food intake. Which of the
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following treatment plans would the care team most likely favor? - (correct answer) -Rapid administration of
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normal saline and carbohydrates
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*****Incremental feeding combined with vitamin and mineral supplementation
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Total parenteral nutrition
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Intravenous infusion of albumin coupled with vitamin supplementation I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
A 20-year-old male college student has recently finished a Thanksgiving dinner of heroic proportions while
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home for the holiday weekend. Which of the following phenomena would most likely have produced his
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sensation of satiety? - (correct answer) -*****Cholecystokinin and glucagon-like peptide-1 suppress the
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hunger impulse.
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The breakdown of products of lipids such as ketoacids produces a decrease in appetite.
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Increased levels of leptin stimulate a decrease in appetite by way of the vagus nerve.
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Stretch receptors in the stomach and small intestine signal the feeding center in the medulla.
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A 40-year-old female has been categorized as being obese, with a BMI of 33.2. Which of the following health
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problems is the patient at a significantly increased risk for compared with individuals with a BMI below 25? -
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(correct answer) -Cardiac arrhythmias
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