Grade 8 Technology (TECH) Summaries Term 4 (Via Afrika): These summaries are compiled using the Via Afrika textbook's Term 4 content. The summaries are in English, with additional notes provided by the compiler.
Unit 1: Electrical systems and control: design skills
Unit 2: Impact of t...
, Thermal power stations
• Turbines rotate to provide mechanical energy which is used to
generate electrical energy by the generator.
Wind-driven turbines • Boiling water creates steam - compressing the steam produces
energy to rotate the turbine.
• Converts wind (kinetic energy) into electrical • Thermal power stations = power stations that use steam
energy. turbines to produce electricity.
• Wind turbine blades spin - generate electrical
energy.
• The blades are attached to the hub, connected
to the shaft.
• The shaft connects to the gearbox transmission
Sample
- increases the blade rotation speed.
• The gearbox is connected to a high-speed shaft
- turns the generator and produces electricity.
U4: Electrical
systems and
control: impact
Nuclear energy
• Nuclear fission = the process where uranium atoms
are split, releasing energy in the form of heat.
• The high-temperature steam from generators
of technology (A) drives turbines, generating electricity.
Summaries after sample
• Steam from steam generators is channelled to
condensers - cools and condenses the steam into
Hydroelectric power stations water.
• Utilises running water energy for electrical energy -
production.
• Stations are typically built on dams, rivers or near
waterfalls.
Solar energy
• Water flow can be controlled via gates or pipes.
• Solar panels capture the sun's energy which charges
• High water levels from dam walls increase pressure
a battery.
in pipes for turbine operation.
• Energy stored in the battery can be used to heat
water in geysers or for lights in homes.
• Solar irradiance -> solar panel -> battery charger
controller -> battery -> DC loads.
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