Pulmonary Exam 2 Nur 265 Practice Questions And Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 265
Institution
NUR 265
Causes of pulmonary embolism - usually caused by DVT that has been freed and moved to the lungs. Can be air or tumor tissue.
Risk factors of PE Known DVT, pmhx of DVT or PE, fhx, Recent surgery, Cancer, A-Fib, Immobility, Pregnancy, BCP, Smoking
Treatment of PE Unfractionated heparin given IV is ...
Pulmonary Exam 2 Nur 265 Practice
Questions And Correct Answers
Causes of pulmonary embolism ✅- usually caused by DVT that has been freed and
moved to the lungs. Can be air or tumor tissue.
Risk factors of PE ✅Known DVT, pmhx of DVT or PE, fhx, Recent surgery, Cancer, A-
Fib, Immobility, Pregnancy, BCP, Smoking
Treatment of PE ✅Unfractionated heparin given IV is standard treatment.
Enoxaparin (outpatient treatment)
Transudative pleural effusions should make you think of what diagnosis? ✅CHF, PE,
cirhhros and kidney issues.
Pleural effusion causes ✅-Heart, Liver, or renal Failure
-Chest wall trauma
-TB/PE
-Complication of anticoagulant therapy after chest surgery
Symptoms of pleural effusion ✅-dyspnea on exertion
-non-productive cough
-diminshed breath sounds
-dullness to percussion
-may or may not hear crackles
Treatment for pleural effusion ✅-thoracentesis- remove fluid so lung can expand
-sent fluid sample to lab
- chest tube can be placed
Thorancentesis ✅Pt sit at edge of bed and hold breath during needle insertion and
duration.
- if blood, bleeding is concern.
-emphysema is a group of WBC. We need to prevent sepsis.
Causes of pneumothorax ✅Spontaneous
Smoking
Complications from existing disease
Trauma
Surgery
What is a pneumothorax? ✅air in the pleural space, changes the pressure in the
thoracic cavity and decreases the surface area for oxygen exchange.
, Open pneumothorax (sucking chest wound) ✅An open or penetrating chest wall
wound through which air passes during inspiration and expiration, creating a sucking
sound. Wound needs to be covered.
Tension pneumothorax ✅a pneumothorax with rapid accumulation of air in the pleural
space causing severely high intrapleural pressures with resultant tension on the heart
and great vessels.
Tension pneumothorax treatment ✅Prompt insertion of large-bore needle or chest tube
for decompression. Will need central line bc heart is having trouble pumping.
Spontaneous pneumothorax ✅A pneumothorax that occurs when a weak area on the
lung ruptures in the absence of major injury, allowing air to leak into the pleural space.
Can occur due to changes in air pressure-scuba diving, flying, mnt climbing. OR injury
due to smoking
Symptoms of pneumothorax ✅-reduced breath sounds
- affected side moves poorly with resp.
-trach deviation
-pleuritic pain
-tachypnea
-subq emphysema
Symptoms of tension pneumothorax ✅- Tracheal deviation
- Distended neck veins
- Unilateral absence of breath sounds
- Cyanosis- COMPLICATION
Chest tube ✅Tidaling-see on inspiration and exp.
Water- sterile water (2cm) keep at bedside
Output->70ml/hr ISSUE. Measure q hour and mark on canister
Air leak- seen w cont. Tidaling in wtr seal chamber CALL MD
Assessment- asses pt resp status, vs, pain
Safety- keep canister below chest, don't pull on tubes.
Prevention of PE ✅• Passive, active ROM; ambulate soon after surgery
• Change position every 2 hours
• Anti-embolism stockings (SCD's)
• Avoid tight garters, girdles, constricting clothing
• No pillows under knees
• Comprehensive peripheral circulatory assessment
• Elevate affected limb 20 degrees above heart
• No massaging or compressing leg muscles
• Do not cross legs
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