NCLEX Pharmacology VATI, RN VATI
Pharmacology Exam Questions With
Verified Answers.
A nurse is caring for a client who ingested a toxic amount of acetaminophen 36 hr ago. For
which of the following findings should the nurse monitor? Select all that apply
a. elevated troponin level
b. diaphore...
A nurse is caring for a client who ingested a toxic amount of acetaminophen 36 hr ago. For
which of the following findings should the nurse monitor? Select all that apply
a. elevated troponin level
b. diaphoresis
c. hyperglycemia
d. abdominal discomfort
e. increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level - answer✔b. Diaphoresis is correct. The nurse
should monitor the client for early manifestations of acetaminophen toxicity, which includes
diaphoresis. Later manifestations of toxicity include liver failure, which manifest 48 to 72 hr
following ingestion of the toxic dose.
d. Abdominal discomfort is correct. The nurse should monitor the client for early manifestations
of acetaminophen toxicity, which include abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
e. Increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level is correct. The nurse should monitor ALT
levels because these enzymes may elevate with liver inflammation from acetaminophen
overdose.
A nurse is assessing a client who has a prescription for oral albuterol for the long-term
management of asthma. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
a. Nystagmus
b. Tachycardia
c. Drowsiness
Albuterol is a beta2-agonist, which can cause excessive stimulation of cardiac and skeletal
muscle beta cells. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client for tachycardia and
dysrhythmias.
A nurse is planning care for a client who has asthma and a prescription for methylprednisolone.
Which of the following lab values should the nurse monitor?
a. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
b. Fibrin split products
c. BUN
d. Glucose - answer✔d. Glucose
Methylprednisolone therapy increases the synthesis of glucose and decreases the uptake of
glucose by the muscles and adipose tissues, resulting in increased circulating glucose. Therefore,
it is important for the nurse to regularly monitor blood glucose levels while clients are receiving
corticosteroid therapy.
A nurse planning care for a client who has a prescription for acetazolamide. Which of the
following findings should the nurse plan to monitor for as an adverse effect of this medication?
a. Bronchospasm
b. Constipation
c. Diplopia
d. Electrolyte imbalance - answer✔d. Electrolyte imbalance
Acetazolamide promotes renal excretion of sodium and potassium and reduces the formation of
bicarbonate, increasing the client's risk of electrolyte and acid-base imbalances. Therefore, the
nurse should monitor the client for findings of electrolyte imbalance.
A nurse is caring for a client who reports an increase in migraine headaches over the past 2
weeks and asks if sumatriptan might be helpful. Which of the following conditions from the
client's medical history should the nurse recognize as a contraindication for this medication?
a. Gastrointestinal reflux
b. Angina pectoris
Sumatriptan is a vasoconstrictor and can cause angina from coronary vasospasm. The nurse
should identify uncontrolled hypertension, coronary artery disease, ischemic heart disease, and
angina pectoris as contraindications for receiving sumatriptan.
A nurse on a telemetry unit is caring for a client who has a new prescription for digoxin. The
nurse should identify that which of the following cardiac rhythms is a contraindication for
administration of the medication?
a. Atrial flutter
b. Second-degree heart block
c. Atrial fibrillation
d. Narrow QRS complexes - answer✔b. Second-degree heart block
A second-degree heart block results when there is a problem in the atrioventricular conduction
system. Each atrial impulse takes progressively longer to go from the AV node to the ventricles
until a QRS complex drops. Digoxin slows atrioventricular conduction and can cause
progression to a complete heart block; therefore, the nurse should identify second-degree heart
block as a contraindication for digoxin therapy.
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following orthopedic surgery and receiving IV
ketorolac. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority to report to
the provider?
a. Dry mouth
b. Oliguria
c. Nausea
d. Altered taste - answer✔b. Oliguria
The nurse should identify that the greatest risk to the client is renal insufficiency or renal
toxicity, both of which are potential adverse effects of ketorolac. Therefore, oliguria, or
decreased urine output, is the priority finding for the nurse to report to the provider.
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