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LLCU 213- Final Exam With Complete Solution
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LLCU 213- Final Exam WithComplete Solution
What is connectivity? - Answer - the ability to accumulate and use social capital
- combining strong ties with weak ties to create a large, heterogeneous tank of
relational resources
- ex. lawyers, CAs, bankers, politicians
What is corruption? - Answer - "the abuse of public office for private gain"
- illicit gain or undue advantage
What are the 5 main types of corruption according to internal RCMP investigation of the
national police force? - Answer 1. improperly giving out police info
2. fraud
3. misuse of policy officer status
4. theft
5. interference with judicial process
What is supply side vs. demand side corruption? - Answer - offering illicit payment or
undue advantage
- accepting/soliciting illicit payment or undue advantage
What is petty corruption? - Answer Sometimes coined "bureaucratic corruption" and
involves bribes and other lower-level activities, whereas grand corruption involves
higher ranking officials
What are the 10 characteristics of the mafia as defined in the past three lectures?
(different from the 8 defined at beginning of course) - Answer 1. connectivity (social
capital)
2. structure (complex, connected key individuals)
3. corruption (illicit payment/undue advantage)
4. violence (maintain threat of violence, dominate territory)
5. sophistication (code, no trails, dummy bosses)
, 6. continuity (old mafia with the same heart)
7. discipline
8. multiple enterprises
9. lack of advantage
10. bonding/rituals
What is a "made man"? - Answer An aspiring "Mafioso" who is deemed a nobody until he
goes through initiation and becomes a member of the mafia
What is a "not-person"? - Answer A person who is not a member of the mafia
What are the 4 stages of money laundering? - Answer 1. placement
2. layering
3. integration
4. repatriation
How is money laundering divided between Western, Central and Eastern Canada? -
Answer Western: 39%, Central: 41%, Eastern: 24%
What are the 4 ways OC groups use intimidation? - Answer 1. protection
2. extortion
3. selling of goods/services
4. theft of goods/services
What is the diff between an enterprise, a syndicate and a venture? - Answer enterprise:
a group that participates in criminal activities ex. a meth cutting lab
syndicate: a larger group that regulates relations between various enterprises ex.
Yamaguchi gumi
venture: a specific criminal project ex. robbing a bank
Definition-wise, what are the main attributes of O.C as gathered from looking at multiple
sources? - Answer (top being most cited in various definitions)
- organized hierarchy continuing
- rational profit through crime
- use of force or threat
- corruption to maintain immunity
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