Exam (elaborations)
ORTHOTICS AND PROSTHETICS MODALITIES EXAM FINAL
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ORTHOTICS AND PROSTHETICS MODALITIES EXAM FINAL
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ORTHOTICS AND PROSTHETICS MODALITIES EXAMFINAL
The origin of hand splinting - Answers-● Dates back to ancient Egypt; blacksmiths and
carpenters constructed splints made of wood, metal, cloth, and leather.
● Important during WWII (1939-1945); Dr. Bunnell guided the design and organization
of splinting within US Army
hospitals.
● Became commercially available in the 1940s.
What is true about voluntary closing terminal devices? - Answers-A VC TD has strong
variable prehension and is controlled by the amount of force the individual can exert. It
is possible
that a grasp of more than 30 pounds can be attained. This TD may be appealing for
individuals who are active in sports,
heavy physical work, or recreational activities. A VC mechanical thumb that can be
manually adjusted and locked in two
positions to achieve a 1.5-3 inch opening. A TD is interchangeable, so you may use the
same prosthetic, but change out
the TD for different tasks.
What thickness of Orthoses should you use for a wrist or elbow area? - Answers-1/8th"
for wrist and elbow.
What material has low conformability for precise fit? - Answers-Rubber or rubber-like
(Ex. ezeform)
Good control - low conformability and high resistance to stretch
Does not drape and contour as well as plastic materials - better for larger orthoses
Where should I terminate the thumb spica orthotic with CMC Arthritis? - Answers-at IP
joint
What is the "Safe" position orthosis? - Answers-Intrinsic plus - hyper flexed MCP and
hyperextended PIP and DIP joints
How do you increase orthotic wear compliance? - Answers-patient education: how long
to wear the orthotic; when to wear it; how to wear it; how it will impact occupations; how
they need to compensate; how to clean it; splint protection, precautions, HEP
as a therapist, reassessing device and make a plan for discontinuing. Factors include: -
Answers-time involved with splint wear
interface with life tasks
inconsistent treating therapists
splint is uncomfortable
, poor understanding of splint purpose
splint is cumbersome to don/doff
What is Intrinsic Minus? - Answers-Hyperextension of MCP joints and flexion of PIP and
DIP joints
Claw hand
What position would you place a burn patient when making an anti-deformity orthosis? -
Answers-wrist in extension
PIP and DIP in extension
MP greater than 60 degrees of flexion
anterior neck- neck extension splint
anterior elbow- elbow extension in 5-10 flexion
dorsal wrist- support wrist in neutral
volar wrist- wrist cock up in 5-10 extension
dorsal hand- MP's at 70-90, IP's fully extended, thumb in opposition
volar hand- palm extension splint, MPs slight hyperextension
Anterior hip- knee immobilizer
knee- knee extension splint
foot- ankle at 90 degrees
What is the term for when material returns to its original shape? - Answers-memory -
degree to which a material is able to return to its original shape once molded and then
reheated
Learn the palmar creases in relation to orthotic fabrication. - Answers-want orthotic to be
clear of creases so that the orthotic is not rubbing on them during motion
-distal palmar crease
-proximal palmer crease
What to keep in mind with positioning a hand-based thumb spica? - Answers-CMC joint
should be placed midway between palmar and radial abduction
● MP joint should be in slight flexion (20-30°) (Thumb abduction/opposition)
● Functional grasp
o Thumb in radial abduction
o Wrist in neutral or slight extension
What muscles contribute to the arches of the hand? - Answers-the intrinsic muscles of
the hand: ("All for one and one for all")
abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
adductor pollicis
opponens digiti minimi
abductor digiti minimi
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