Study Guide for Final Exam BSC 2085
Santa Fe college
Stratum corneum - ✔️✔️the most external layer of the epidermis; consists of up to 30
layers of dead keratinized cells
what are the four quadrants? - ✔️✔️-RUQ
-RLQ
-LUQ
-LLQ
serous membrane - ✔️✔️mesothelial tissue that lines certain internal cavities of the
body, forming a smooth, transparent, two-layered membrane
ion - ✔️✔️an atom that has more or less electrons than protons, thus giving it a
negative or positive charge
What are the major body systems involved in maintaining homeostasis? - ✔️✔️lungs,
pancreas, kidneys and skin.
homeostasis - ✔️✔️the ability to maintain a stable internal environment
negative feedback - ✔️✔️the body senses a change and activates mechanisms that
negate that change
example of negative feedback - ✔️✔️sweating
anatomy - ✔️✔️study of structure or form
positive feedback - ✔️✔️the body senses a change and activates mechanisms that will
amplify that change
example of positive feedback - ✔️✔️childbirth and blood clotting
frontal/coronal plane - ✔️✔️divides the body into anterior and posterior
sagittal plane - ✔️✔️divides body into left and right portions
midsagittal plane - ✔️✔️divides the body into equal left and right portions
transverse plane - ✔️✔️divides body into superior and inferior portions
,ventral - ✔️✔️toward the front or belly
dorsal - ✔️✔️toward the back or spine
anterior - ✔️✔️toward the ventral (front) side
posterior - ✔️✔️toward the dorsal (back) side
physiology - ✔️✔️study of function
cephalic - ✔️✔️toward the head/superior end
superior - ✔️✔️above
inferior - ✔️✔️below
medial - ✔️✔️toward the median plane
lateral - ✔️✔️away from the medial plane
proximal - ✔️✔️closer to the point of attachment
distal - ✔️✔️away from the point of attachment
ipsilateral - ✔️✔️on the same side of the body
contralateral - ✔️✔️on opposite sides of the body
superficial - ✔️✔️closer to the surface of the body
deep - ✔️✔️farther from the body surface
levels of organization - ✔️✔️cell
tissue
organ
organ systems
organism
what structure separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities? - ✔️✔️the
diaphragm
, thoracic cavity - ✔️✔️contains the heart and lungs
pleural cavities - ✔️✔️contain the lungs
pericardial cavity - ✔️✔️contains the heart
pericardium - ✔️✔️the two-layered SEROUS membrane that lines the heart
pleura - ✔️✔️the SEROUS membrane that enfolds the lungs
abdominopelvic cavity - ✔️✔️abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity
abdominal cavity - ✔️✔️composed of digestive organs, spleen, and kidneys
pelvic cavity - ✔️✔️composed of bladder, rectum, reproductive organs
peritoneum - ✔️✔️SEROUS membranes surrounding abdominal viscera
anion - ✔️✔️a negatively charged ion
cation - ✔️✔️a positively charged ion
what are the four types of bonds found in the body? - ✔️✔️-hydrogen bonds
-ionic bonds
-polar covalent bonds
-nonpolar covalent bonds
ionic bonds - ✔️✔️bond created when electrons are donated between atoms
examples of ionic bonds - ✔️✔️NaCl
polar covalent bond - ✔️✔️unequal sharing of electrons between atoms
examples of polar covalent bonds - ✔️✔️H2O
nonpolar covalent bond - ✔️✔️strongest type of bond; equal sharing of electrons
between atoms
example of hydrogen bond - ✔️✔️H2O
hydrogen bond - ✔️✔️WEAKEST type of bond formed with hydrogen atoms that can
be broken easily
Santa Fe college
Stratum corneum - ✔️✔️the most external layer of the epidermis; consists of up to 30
layers of dead keratinized cells
what are the four quadrants? - ✔️✔️-RUQ
-RLQ
-LUQ
-LLQ
serous membrane - ✔️✔️mesothelial tissue that lines certain internal cavities of the
body, forming a smooth, transparent, two-layered membrane
ion - ✔️✔️an atom that has more or less electrons than protons, thus giving it a
negative or positive charge
What are the major body systems involved in maintaining homeostasis? - ✔️✔️lungs,
pancreas, kidneys and skin.
homeostasis - ✔️✔️the ability to maintain a stable internal environment
negative feedback - ✔️✔️the body senses a change and activates mechanisms that
negate that change
example of negative feedback - ✔️✔️sweating
anatomy - ✔️✔️study of structure or form
positive feedback - ✔️✔️the body senses a change and activates mechanisms that will
amplify that change
example of positive feedback - ✔️✔️childbirth and blood clotting
frontal/coronal plane - ✔️✔️divides the body into anterior and posterior
sagittal plane - ✔️✔️divides body into left and right portions
midsagittal plane - ✔️✔️divides the body into equal left and right portions
transverse plane - ✔️✔️divides body into superior and inferior portions
,ventral - ✔️✔️toward the front or belly
dorsal - ✔️✔️toward the back or spine
anterior - ✔️✔️toward the ventral (front) side
posterior - ✔️✔️toward the dorsal (back) side
physiology - ✔️✔️study of function
cephalic - ✔️✔️toward the head/superior end
superior - ✔️✔️above
inferior - ✔️✔️below
medial - ✔️✔️toward the median plane
lateral - ✔️✔️away from the medial plane
proximal - ✔️✔️closer to the point of attachment
distal - ✔️✔️away from the point of attachment
ipsilateral - ✔️✔️on the same side of the body
contralateral - ✔️✔️on opposite sides of the body
superficial - ✔️✔️closer to the surface of the body
deep - ✔️✔️farther from the body surface
levels of organization - ✔️✔️cell
tissue
organ
organ systems
organism
what structure separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities? - ✔️✔️the
diaphragm
, thoracic cavity - ✔️✔️contains the heart and lungs
pleural cavities - ✔️✔️contain the lungs
pericardial cavity - ✔️✔️contains the heart
pericardium - ✔️✔️the two-layered SEROUS membrane that lines the heart
pleura - ✔️✔️the SEROUS membrane that enfolds the lungs
abdominopelvic cavity - ✔️✔️abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity
abdominal cavity - ✔️✔️composed of digestive organs, spleen, and kidneys
pelvic cavity - ✔️✔️composed of bladder, rectum, reproductive organs
peritoneum - ✔️✔️SEROUS membranes surrounding abdominal viscera
anion - ✔️✔️a negatively charged ion
cation - ✔️✔️a positively charged ion
what are the four types of bonds found in the body? - ✔️✔️-hydrogen bonds
-ionic bonds
-polar covalent bonds
-nonpolar covalent bonds
ionic bonds - ✔️✔️bond created when electrons are donated between atoms
examples of ionic bonds - ✔️✔️NaCl
polar covalent bond - ✔️✔️unequal sharing of electrons between atoms
examples of polar covalent bonds - ✔️✔️H2O
nonpolar covalent bond - ✔️✔️strongest type of bond; equal sharing of electrons
between atoms
example of hydrogen bond - ✔️✔️H2O
hydrogen bond - ✔️✔️WEAKEST type of bond formed with hydrogen atoms that can
be broken easily
