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Exam (elaborations)

ENGR 297 Test 2 With Solution

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ENGR 297 Test 2 With Solution...

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  • October 3, 2024
  • 7
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • ENGR 297
  • ENGR 297
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Belina
ENGR 297 Test 2 With
Solution

Consequentialism - ANSWER an action is morally right if the consequences of
that action are more favorable than unfavorable

-> Handlung moralisch richtig, wenn Konsequenzen eher günstig als
ungünstig sind




Utiliarianism - ANSWER greatest amount of happiness for the greater
number of people when considering consequences

BENTHAM: 1. Act 2. what causes pleasure/pain

MILL: 1. Rule 2. Levels (some pain/pleasure are worse/better than other)




Deontological theories - ANSWER consider our duties not the consequences
of some act or rule

-> Pflichten berücksichtigen, nicht Konsequenzen einer Handlung




Virtue theory - ANSWER emphasizes the importance of developing good
habits of character rather than following rules

-> gute Charaktereigenschaften anstatt Regeln zu befolgen

, Categorical imperative - ANSWER mandates an action, irrespective of one's
desire

do unto other as you would have them do unto you

-> fordert eine Handlung, unabhängig von eigenen Wünschen

-> behandle andere so, wie du selbst behandelt werden willst




Social contract - ANSWER act according to the aggreements made with
others in society




Veil of Ignorance (Rawls) - ANSWER we are unaware of any of our own
circumstances (poor/rich, young/old, male/female...); make moral rules from
the neutral position




Prisoner's Dilemma - ANSWER we act better if we try to maximize benefits
for everyone rather than just ourselves




Anthropocentric theories - ANSWER ethical debate are human centered;
seems that only humans can reflect about ethical matters




Environmental theory (holistic) - ANSWER we need to stop treating land as a
mere object or resource

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